Abesifazane Enkolweni YobuKrestu
Abesifazane badlale indima ebalulekile enkolweni yobuKrestu ikakhulukazi emshadweni nasezikhundleni ezingokomthetho zenkonzo ngaphakathi kwamahlelo athile enkolweni yobuKrestu, nezinhlangano zamasonto.[1] Nakuba kuzalwa amadoda amaningi kunabesifazane ngokwemvelo, futhi ngo-2014, inani labantu emhlabeni wonke lahlanganisa abesilisa abayizigidi ezingama-300 abaneminyaka yokuzala kunabesifazane (ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Ekude) ngo-2016, kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-52-53 enani labantu abangamaKrestu emhlabeni abaneminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu ngabesifazane, lesi sibalo sehla saba amaphesenti angama-51.6 ngo-2020. I-Pew Research Center yahlola imiphumela yobulili enkolweni emhlabeni wonke, yathola ukuthi abesifazane abangamaKrestu emazweni angama-53 ngokujwayelekile benkolo kakhulu kunamadoda angamaKristu,[2] kuyilapho amaKrestu obulili obubili emazweni ase-Afrika enamathuba alinganayo okuya ezinkonzweni njalo.[2]
ITestamente Elisha, eliwumgogodla wokholo lobuKrestu, liqala ngeVangeli likaMathewu. UbuJuda buthola amandla abo ekufundeni imibhalo yamaJuda kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano enamandla mayelana nencazelo yayo, eyayingabhekwa njengokuhlambalaza ngaleso sikhathi noma kuze kube namuhla. UJesu uphonselwa inselele abaphristi ngombuzo wokuthi owesifazane angahlukanisa yini nendoda, njengoba uMose ngokwakhe ekhuluma kuphela ngencwadi yesahlukaniso endodeni. UJesu uthi amadoda nabesifazane bayalingana emehlweni kaNkulunkulu ngoba ekuqaleni uNkulunkulu wenza abantu owesilisa nowesifazane. Uma indoda ingahlukanisa, kanjalo nowesifazane, kodwa kungcono ukuhlala nyamanye. Kuwo wonke amaVangeli, uvikela ingokomoya labesifazane futhi uqoqela abafana namantombazane eduze kwakhe, elapha kokubili ukugula. Mhlawumbe ekuvikeleni kwakhe owaziwa kakhulu ngowesifazane osezokhandwa ngamatshe ngenxa yokuphinga uphonsela inselelo noma ubani ongenasono ukuba aphonse itshe lokuqala.
Izindima eziningi zobuholi osukwini lwakhe, njengalezo zabaphristi beThempeli, zazithathwa ngamadoda, njengoba kwakungabasebenzi abahola imindeni. Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela, isonto elihlangene enkolweni yendima kaKrestu yobuMesiya lalondoloza ukuhlukaniswa kwemisebenzi phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane, nakuba emakhulwini eminyaka amade ngaphambi kokulawula inzalo, owesifazane owayekhetha indlela yokuhlakanipha wayengangena esigodlweni sezindela. INkosi uJohn yodumo lwaseMagna Carta yafundiswa izindela.
Amasonto amaningi ezikhathini zanamuhla asenombono olinganayo mayelana nezindima zabesifazane ebandleni manje njengoba ukukhulisa izingane akuseyona indima cishe engenakugwenywa. Emasontweni amaRoma Khatolika nawe-Orthodox, amadoda kuphela angakhonza njengabaphristi noma abadala (ababhishobhi, amapresbyters namadikoni); abesilisa abangashadile kuphela abasebenza ezikhundleni zobuholi obuphezulu njengopapa, ubhishobhi, nokhadinali. Abesifazane bangase basebenze njengama-abbes nezintombi ezingcwelisiwe. Idlanzana lamahlelo amaProthestani ajwayelekile seliqala ukuxegisa imingcele yawo osekunesikhathi eside ekugcotshweni kwabesifazane ukuba babe ngabefundisi (ubuphristi), nakuba amaqembu amakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-Southern Baptist Convention, eqinisa ukusabela kwawo.[5] Iningi lawo wonke amabandla e-Charismatic kanye nePentecostal ayengamavulandlela kule ndaba, [ecashunwa] futhi amukele ukuvumela abesifazane ukuba bashumayele kusukela asungulwa.[6][7] Amanye amahlelo obuProthestani njengamaQuaker nawo amukele abashumayeli besifazane kusukela asungulwa; amaShakers, ihlelo lezindela lamaProthestani elasuka kumaQuaker, nawo ayelingana ngokusobala ebuholini bawo bokuqala.