Abokufika
Abokufika noma ukufika nemthwalo, kuwuthutheleka kwabantu beya ezweni abangezona izakhamuzi zalo noma lapho bengenabo ubuzwe khona ukuze bahlale njengezakhamuzi zaphakade khona.[1] Abathuthayo, izivakashi, kanye nalabo abahlala isikhathi esifushane ezweni abaya kulo abaweli ngaphansi kwencasiselo yokufika nomthwalo—yize umuntu engase ahlale isikhathi eside kunesivunywa- ivisa yokuhamba abe isifikanamthwalo noma owokufika noma umhlali waphakade— izisebenzi zesikhathi esithile ngezinye izikhathi ziyafakwa encasiselweni yabokufika.
Ngokomnotho, ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi ukufika nomthwalo kungaba yinzuzo kokubili emazweni amukela abokufika nabathumelayo. [2] [3] Izincwadi zakwangqondonkulu ziveza iziphumo ezixubile zobudlelwano phakathi kwabokufika kanye nobugebengu emhlabeni wonke. [4] Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izwe okuvela kulo abokufika libalulekile ekuphokothelweni ngokushesha kwabokufika, kodwa kukhona ukuphokothelwa okukhulu kubo bonke abokufika besizukulwane sokuqala nesesibili. [5] [6]
Ukucwasa okusekelwe ebuzweni kusemthethweni emazweni amaningi. [7] Kutholakele ubufakazi obuningi bokucwasa kwabantu abazalelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezobulungiswa, ezohwebo, emnothweni, kwezezindlu, kwezempilo, kwezezinsizakuxhamana kanye nakwezembusazwe. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Umlando
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Igama lesiZulu elithi owokufika (abokufika) livela esenzweni fika esivela olimini olwandulela isiNtu kwelithi *pika elisho ukuza nokukhahleleka uvela kwenye indawo. Elithi isifiki, umfiki amagama asho osanda kufika, obengekho noma isihambi esingaziwa endaweni. Elithi isifikanamthwalo nalo liyasethsenziswa ukubhekisela kulabo abasuswe ezindaweni zabo besuswa yimpi, lagcina lihlanganisa nalabo abasuswa indlala, ezomnotho nezinye izizathu, abefuduka betshathe imithwalo lapho bebaleka. Lapho abantu bewela imingcele yezwe ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwabo, babizwa ngokuthi isifikanamthwalo noma abokufika ngokombono wezwe abafikela kulo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokombono wezwe abasuka kulo, babizwa ngokuthi abafuduki noma abafuduki, njengoba behamba befuduka.
Amaphatho
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ International Migration Law No. 34 – Glossary on Migration. https://publications.iom.int/books/international-migration-law-ndeg34-glossary-migration.
- ↑ Koczan, Zsoka; Peri, Giovanni; Pinat, Magali (2021), How to Achieve Inclusive Growth
- ↑ di Giovanni, Julian; Levchenko, Andrei A.; Ortega, Francesc (1 February 2015). A Global View of Cross-Border Migration. p. 168–202. https://econ-papers.upf.edu/papers/1414.pdf.
- ↑ . p. 3–16. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Villarreal, Andrés; Tamborini, Christopher R.. Immigrants' Economic Assimilation: Evidence from Longitudinal Earnings Records. p. 686–715.
- ↑ Blau, Francine D. (2015). Immigrants and Gender Roles: Assimilation vs. Culture. p. 1–21. http://www.iza.org/conference_files/amm2014/blau_f340.pdf.[dead link]
- ↑ Fennelly, David; Murphy, Clíodhna (2021). "Racial Discrimination and Nationality and Migration Exceptions: Reconciling CERD and the Race Equality Directive". Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 39 (4): 308–328. doi:10.1177/09240519211055648.
- ↑ Zschirnt, Eva; Ruedin, Didier (27 May 2016). "Ethnic discrimination in hiring decisions: a meta-analysis of correspondence tests 1990–2015". Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 42 (7): 1115–1134. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2015.1133279.
- ↑ Rich, Judy (October 2014). "What Do Field Experiments of Discrimination in Markets Tell Us? A Meta Analysis of Studies Conducted since 2000". IZA Discussion Papers (8584).
- ↑ Rehavi, M. Marit; Starr, Sonja B. (2014). "Racial Disparity in Federal Criminal Sentences". Journal of Political Economy 122 (6): 1320–1354. doi:10.1086/677255.
- ↑ Enos, Ryan D. (1 January 2016). "What the Demolition of Public Housing Teaches Us about the Impact of Racial Threat on Political Behavior". American Journal of Political Science 60 (1): 123–142. doi:10.1111/ajps.12156.