ILuvumbulunga

Umoyambulunga ophezulu womhlaba ebusuku ubukwa kusuka phansi unjengemithende yokukloloba okukhanyisa izulumbulunga ngombala ophuzi onezithunzi zamafu, kanye nehowomulumba ngombala omhlophe nolundwa.

ILuvumbulunga ubuhalalazi bomoyambulunga woMhlaba ngaphezu kweshambulunga nangaphansi kwamalambulunga. Ngaphakathi kwalobu buhalalazi bomoyambulunga, imiyonzi kazukhwithi ibangela ukuhonyozibane kwamizwayi, idale izihonyo; ngakho-ke ingxenye enkulu yesihonyombulunga ikhona ngaphakathi kweluvumbulunga. Igama elithi iluvumbulumba lakhiwe ibizongxube elixuba elithi ilovu (ukushisa, ikhoza) + mbulunga (indilinga) kwaphuma elithi ilovumbulunga elisho indilinga eshisayo, eqala cishe kumakhilomitha angama-80 ngaphezu komhlaba. Kulezi zindawo eziphakeme, uhowo lomoyambulunga olusele luhlukaniswa lube yizigaba ngokuya ngesisindo semizwayi (bheka i-turbosphere ). Amazingakushisa eluvumbulunga ayanda uma impakamo iyaphezulu ngenxa yokumuncwa yimisebe yelanga enamandla kakhulu. Amazingakushisa ancike kakhulu emsebenzini welanga, futhi angakhuphuka afike kuzi-2000 noma ngaphezulu. Imiyonzi ibangela ukuthi izinhlayiya zomoyambulunga ezikulobuhalalazi zileleswe ngamazuba, okwenza amaza omsakazo agwincizeke futhi ngaleyo ndlela amukelwe ngale komkhathi. Kumalambulunga, eqala cishe kumakhilomitha angama-600 amakhilomitha ngaphezu kolwandle, umoyambulunga uphenduka umkhathinga, yize, ngokwemigomo yokwahlulela ebekwe encazelweni yomugqa weKármán (100 km), iningi loluvumbulunga luyingxenye yomkhathinga. Umngcele ophakathi koluvumbulunga namalambulunga waziwa ngokuthi -thermopause .