Jump to content

Igatsha (iqembu)

Kubuya ku Wikipedia
Umdwebo wesihlahla esinamagatsha esibonisa ubudlelwano beziphili ngaphakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlobo zengqwanye ezaziwa ngokuthi amagatsha. Umugqa oqondile ( isiqu ) esisekelweni (ezansi) umelela ukhokho wokugcina ovamile . Amaqembu amancane alundwa (blue) nabomvu angamagatsha, ngalinye lichazwa yisiqu sokhokho esifanayo phansi kweqembu lalo elincane ( igatshana ). Nokho, iqembu elincane eliluhlaza lodwa alilona igatsha; liyiqembu elihlala lifana neqembu elincane elilundwa ngoba alihlanganisi igatsha elilundwa, elinokhokho ofanayo. Ndawonye, amaqembu amancane aludwa naluhlaza igatsha.

Kumchazampilo, igatsha, elaziwa nangokuthi igatshaqembu noma iqembu lemvelo, [1] liyiqembu leziphili elakhiwe ukhokho ofanayo kanye nayo yonke inzalo yakhe. [2] Amagatsha ayisakhi eyisisekelo ezobugatsha, okuyindlela yesimanje yokuhlela ingqawangqwa eyamukelwa yimikhakha eminingi yezinto eziphilayo.

Ukhokho ovamile angaba umuntu ngamunye, inani labantu, noma umqhinqa ( oshabalele noma okhona ). Amagatsha anezixheke zawo, ngasinye kwesinye, njengoba igatsha ngalinye lihlukana libe amagatsha amancane. Lokhu kuhlukana kubonisa umlando wenguqukofuzo njengoba imiphakathi yahlukana futhi yathuthuka ngokuzimela. Amagatsha abizwa ngokuthi amaqembu e- monophyletic (ngesiGreki: "iqembu elilodwa").

  1. Martin, Elizabeth; Hin, Robert (2008). A Dictionary of Biology. Oxford University Press.
  2. Cracraft, Joel; Donoghue, Michael J., eds. (2004). "Introduction". Assembling the Tree of Life. Oxford University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-19-972960-9.