Insema
Insema eyaziwa nangokuthi inkamamasane noma umgemane,[1] umqhinqo wesitshalo somndeni wemihlanzacwe (Euphorbiaceae). Lesi sitshalo ngokwendabuko sitholakala eAfrika eseNingizimu, ikakhulu ezifundazweni iMpumalanga Kapa kanye naKwazulu Natal. [2] Insema iyisitshalo esitewuzelayo esingenawo umhlandla, esidondileyo njengoba sikhula sibe nobude ubungama milimitha angama 40–200. Isiqu sayo ngokuvamile asinawo amagatsha, sinombala onsundu futhi sinjengesigaxa, sihlobe ngezibazi ezibangwa ukuwa kwamacembe. Amacembe wensema ayakhithika (deciduous), made futhi acijile njengoba elikithe esiqwini.[3]
Insema iyisitshalo esinobulili obuguqugukayo: komunye unyaka siba yiduna, kolandelayo sibe yinsikazi bese kolandelayo sibencukumbili. Lapho izithelo zayo sezivuthiwe, imboma yazo iyoma bese igevuzeke ukuze idedele imbewu.
Ukusabalala kwayo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Insema isitshalo esitholakala eNingizimu afrika ezindaweni ezifana naseGrahamstown eMpumalanga Kapa, okuyindawo enomhlabathi onesimunyane, owenza lesi tshalo sikhule sibe amamilimitha angama-90 ubude, ukhuphuke uze uyofika oLundi KwaZulu natala, lapho ezinye zizitshalo kuthiwa zikhule zibe zikhulu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ezindaweni eziyinkangala ewumthambeka, okuzenza zizifihle eduze kwamadwala (dolerite rocks). Lapho insema ingenawo amacembe, akukho lula ukuyithola, kodwa uma utshani benkangala busha, itholakala kalula. Ikhula izindaweni ezifudumele, eziswakeme nezithola ukukhanya okwanele. [3]
Ukusetshenziswa kwayo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Insema kuyimanje iyisitshalo esishabalalayo endle ngenxa yokungalondolozwa kwayo njengoba abayivunayo bengayitshali futhi.[4] Insema ivunwa kakhulu abelaphi bendabuko nabathandazi ngenxa yamandla ayo wokwelapha. Utewu (sap) lwayo olumhlophe lusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda zomdlavuza, izinyawu ezidabukileyo ezibuhlungu nezinye izifo zesikhumba. Kodwana utewu lwensema lunobuthi obuyingozi kuye ngilize elihatshulwayo. [5]
Ukuciba insema
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukuciba insema umdlalo wasekwaluseni owawudlalwa endulo futhi ukhonzwe kakhulu ngabafana ekwaluseni. Lo mdlalo udlalwa ngokuthi abafana basimbe lesi sigaxa bese befuna indawo engumthezuka noma engummango bephethe izinkande. Izinkande izindukwana ezicijile okuzocitshwa ngazo insema. Imvamisa izinkande zakhiwa ngomuthi wesiphampatho. Uma sebefikile kuleyo nkundla abafana, bama uhele noma uqhiwu. Babe sebekhetha umfanyana oyedwa ozosiza ekuphonseni insema ngenhla. Lowo msebenzi ubizwa ngokuthi ukwediya.[6]
Umfana wokuqala uma ngezansi kuthiwa uma ethukwini. Labo abame lapho basuke bebhekwe isambane ngoba basuke bemendaweni ebhedayo, engafunwa muntu ngoba kuchaza ukuthi uyisehluleki, akakwazi ukunemba.
Lo mdlalo udinga ukuba kufunwe indawo ewumqethuka. Kuthi ke ingafunwa, kuhlelwe ukuma kwabafana, benze uhele olubheke ezansi : umfana ogcina enhla, kuthiwe umi edala: ogcina ezansi kuthiwe usethukwini- indawo embi ke leyo, kushiwo nokushiwo ukuthi udla amathuku. Hhayi ke akushiwo lutho ngabo bonke abaphakathi kohla kusukela edala kuye emathukwini. Edala kusebukhosini. Yilapho bonke belwela ukufinyelela khona. Insema izokwediwa umfana okhethelwe lokho. Bonke laba abami uhele baphethe izinkande zokuciba igingqika ngejubane iqonde ezansi ethukwini : kuthi oyihlaba kuqala aye ngenhla kwalowo obemi ngezansi kwakhe kanjalo kanjalo.[7]
Kwakusetshenziswa insema noma ezinye izinhlobo zemiqumbe nazo ezazibizwa ngokuthi insema eziyimbulunga, ezikwazi ukugingqika njengebhola njengomathangane.
Insema isimi ngokhande - isaga esavela ngenxa yalo mdlalo. Lesi saga sichaza ukuthi "ubuqili bakhe sebuvele obala". Ngaphandle kwalokho sinomqondo wokuthi umuntu usephelelwe ngamaqhinga.[8]
Imithombo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ Doke, Vilakazi (1972). Zulu-English Dictionary. Witwatersrand University Press. p. 598.
- ↑ https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345870-1#other-data
- 1 2 https://pza.sanbi.org/euphorbia-bupleurifolia
- ↑ https://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=574-44
- ↑ A. Hutchings with A. H. Scott, G. Lewis, and A. B. Cunningham (1996). Zulu Medicinal Plants: An Inventory. University of Natal Press. p. 174.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
- ↑ Mthembu, M.Z., 2009. Injula yesiko lokwelusa esizweni samaZulu kanye nokuthuthukisa kwalo ulimi lwesiZulu. PhD Thesis. University of Zululand, KwaDlangwezwa, South Africa.
- ↑ Nyembezi (1980). Inqolobane Yesizwe. Shuter & Shooter Publishers. p. 27.
- ↑ Nyembezi (1980). Inqolobane Yesizwe. Shuter & Shooter Publishers. p. 153.