Isibongo
Emiphakathini eminingi, isibongo, igama lohlanga , noma igama lomndeni ingxenye eyifa yegama lomuntu siqu eveza uhlanga lwakhe.[1] Ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswa negama aliphiwe ukuze kwakhiwe igama eliphelele lomuntu, yize amagama wokuphiwa nezibongo eziningana aba yingxenye yegameni eliphelele. Ezikhathini zanamuhla izibongo eziningi zizuzwa njengefa, yize emazweni amaningi umuntu enelungelo lokushintsha igama lakhe .
Kuye ngesiko, isibongo singabekwa ekuqaleni kwegama lomuntu, noma ekugcineni. Inani lezibongo ezinikezwa umuntu liyahlukahluka: ezimweni eziningi sinye nje, kodwa emazweni akhuluma isiPutukezi nakwamanye amazwe akhuluma iSpanishi, izibongo ezimbili (esinye esibuya kunina kanti esinye esibuya kubaba) zisetshenziselwa izinjongo zomthetho. Kwamanye amasiko, akuwona wonke amalungu omndeni okudingeka abe nesibongo esifanayo. Kwamanye amazwe, izibongo ziyashintshwa kuye ngobulili kanye nesimo sobulungu bomndeni somuntu. Izibongo ezihlanganisiwe zingakhiwa ngamagama ahlukene.[2]
Ukusetshenziswa kwamagama kuye kwabhalwa ngisho nasemibhalweni yomlando emidala kakhulu. Izibonelo zezibongo zilotshwe ngekhulu le-11 yizikhulu zaseNgilandi. Izibongo zesiNgisi zaqala ukwakhiwa ngokubhekisela esicini esithile salowo muntu, njengokuhweba kwakhe, igama likayise, indawo azalelwa kuyo, noma izici zomzimba, futhi kwakungeyona ngempela indaba yozalo. Ngawo-1400 imindeni eminingi yamaNgisi, kanye naleyo evela eLowland Scotland, yayisisebenzise izibongo zozalo.
- ↑ "surname". surname. Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171004084850/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/surname. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ↑ Haas, Ann; Elliott, Marc N; Dembosky, Jacob W; Adams, John L; Wilson-Frederick, Shondelle M; Mallett, Joshua S; Gaillot, Sarah; Haffer, Samuel C et al (1 February 2019). "Imputation of race/ethnicity to enable measurement of HEDIS performance by race/ethnicity". Health Services Research 54 (1): 13–23. doi:10.1111/1475-6773.13099. ISSN 1475-6773. PMC 6338295. PMID 30506674. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6338295.