Isichwayo
Isichwayo (noma isicwalo) siyithuluzi elinothi olubambe ujenga lamazinyo okudonsa izinwele ukuze azihlanze, azithandulule, noma ukuzihlobisa. Izichwayo zazisetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, njengoba zatholakala ngezindlela ezicwengisisiwe kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala ezihlehlela emuva eminyakeni eyizi-5.000 edlule IPheresiya.
Izichwayo zokweluka ezenziwe ngamathambo omkhomo zaseNkathini Yensimbi Ephakathi zatholakala emivubukuleni ese-Orkney naseSomerset.
Ingcaziso
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izichwayo zakhiwa ngothi oluba namazinyo abelwa aqombothe ngengoni kulo. Izichwayo zingakhandwa ngezithako ezihlukene, iningi likhandwa ngocwazi, inkimbi, noma ukhuni. Endulo languna, uphondo noma ithambo lomkhomo lalisetshenziswa ukukhandwa isichwayo, ngisho nezinye lendlovu imbala,[1] noma igobolongo lofudu[2] lwalusetshenziswa nalo, nakuba kungasavamanga. Izichwayo zokhuni ngokuvamile zikhandwa ngokhuni le-boxwood, noma ukhuni olufanele. Izichwayo zezingabunjalo eliphezulu zikhandwa ngezandla bese ziphuculwa.[3]
Izichwayo zitholakakala ngezimo nobungako obuhlukahlukene kuye ngomsebenzi wazo. Isicwalo sokuncwala sivame ukuba nekintsho ezacile yokukhuhlukanisa izinwele namazinyo asondelene. Izichwayo ezivamile ziba namazinyo avulekile kulelicala, namazinyo asondelene kwelinye icala. .[4] Izichwayo ezishisayo zazisetshenzoselwa ukwelula izinwele enkathini yokuqonela eMelika eseNyakatho.[5]
Ama-hairbrush wona atholakala nezinhlobo ezimbili, ephathwa ngezandla noma yogesi.[6] Wona mkhulu kunesichwayo, asetshenziselwa ukusokohla, ukuhlobisa nokuhlanza izinwele.[7]Inhlanganisela yesichwayo ne-hairbrush sanikaziswa (patented) ngekhulu le-19.[8]
Umsebenzi waso
[hlela | Hlela umthombo].jpg)
Izichwayo zingasetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi. Ngokomlando zazisebenza ukulawula izinwele ezinde, ukuhlobisa izinwele, ukuphotha izinwele zibe amageqele noma izimpothe.
Kwezezimboni, izichwayo zisebenza ukuhlulanisa izinxoza ze-cotton nembewu noma iziwidi. Isichwayi kotini (cotton gin) kwakuyinguxa eyisichwayo eyafika ngeNguqulo Yezimboni. Isichwayo siyasebenza lapho kufakwa imibala ephepheni le-marble.[9]
Izichwayo ziyasebenza nalapho amaphoyisa aphenyayo eqoqa izinwele nesangulo senkwethu okungaba usizo ekuhlonzeni ofile noma ophilayo, nokwazi isimo sempilo akuso.[10]
Inhlanzeko
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukwabelana nokusebenzisa isichwayo esisodwa kubangela izinhlwithamsoco (parasites) nezifo zezintwala, kufana nokuwabelana nokusebensiza isigqoko esisodwa, njengoba izintwala zingasala esichwayeni noma zshiye amaqhimizan azo kuso, kubhebheke izintwala, ( fleas, mite), Ukhunta, nezinye Izinto ezingcolile. Abasemzini owodwa kuvamile ukuthi babe lane ngesicwayo futhi bathelelane ngezifo.[11]
Izithombe
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isichwayo saseGibjithe lasendulo, cishe ngekhulu le-15 BC
Isichwayo samaEtruscan, cishe ngekhulu lesi-7 BC
Isichwayo samaScythiya, cishe ngowama- 400 BC
Isichwayo saseRoma lasendulo, ikhulu lesi-4 AD
Isichwayo saseVimose, Denmark
Iqoqo lezichwayo ezatholwa emkhunjini obizwa Mary Rose
Isichwayo sezinyo lendlovu, ikhulu le-16
Isichwayo senkimbi saseNdiya, esihlobe ngezinyoni. Sinengosi yokufaka amakha wokuthambisa amazinyo wesichwayo nezinwele.
Isichwayo sasePunjabi sokhuni
Isichwayo
Isichwayo senkimbi esikhandwe ngesandla
Isichwayo soqalo sabantu ababizwa amaKanak
Isichwayo sokhuni saseNepali.
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Amaphatho
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ Sandell, Hanne Tuborg; Sandell, Birger (1991). Archaeology and Environment in the Scoresby Sund Fjord (in i-English). Museum Tusculanum Press. ISBN 9788763512084.
- ↑ White, Carolyn L. (2005). American Artifacts of Personal Adornment, 1680–1820: A Guide to Identification and Interpretation (in i-English). Rowman Altamira. ISBN 9780759105898.
- ↑ Sherrow, Victoria (2006). Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History (in i-English). Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313331459. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2016-03-07.
- ↑ Laing, Lloyd Robert (2006). The Archaeology of Celtic Britain and Ireland: C. AD 400–1200 (in i-English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521838627.
- ↑ Hodder, Ian (1997). Interpreting Archaeology: Finding Meaning in the Past (in i-English). Psychology Press. ISBN 9780415157445.
- ↑ Popular Science (in i-English). Bonnier Corporation. 1937. p. 39.
- ↑ Cooley, Arnold James (1866). The Toilet and Cosmetic Arts in Ancient and Modern Times (in i-English). R. Hardwicke. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2016-03-07.
- ↑ The Canadian Patent Office Record and Register of Copyrights and Trade Marks (in i-English). Patent Office. 1895. p. 437.
- ↑ Wolfe, Richard J. (1990). Marbled Paper: Its History, Techniques, and Patterns: with Special Reference to the Relationship of Marbling to Bookbinding in Europe and the Western World (in i-English). University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 9780812281880.
- ↑ O'Sullivan, Frank Dalton; Wright, Walter Edward (1940). Practical Instruction in Police Work and Detective Science: A Course of Instruction ... Containing Lecture-lessons for Law Enforcement Officers and Others (in i-English). American Police Review Publishing Company.
- ↑ Sinha, Meenakshi; Rajgopal, Reena; Banerjee, Suchismita (2012). All You Wanted To Know About Hair Care (in i-English). Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 9788120791022.