Isiqandisi

Isiqandisi siyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esisetshenziswa kakhulu emakhaya, ezindaweni zokudlela nasezitolo ukuze kugcinwe ukudla neziphuzo kubanda. Umsebenzi waso omkhulu ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lokudla ukuze kusizwe ekunciphiseni ukonakala kwako. Ngokusho koMnyango Wezamandla wase-United States, iziqandisi neziqandisi zokudla okuqandisiwe zenzelwe ukupholisa nokugcina ukudla neziphuzo, futhi ezinye zazo ziyakwazi nokwenza iqhwa.

Indlela isiqandisi esisebenza ngayo

Isiqandisi sisebenzisa uhlelo olubizwa nge-*vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuthi **refrigerant*, ehamba phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene zesiqandisi ukuze kususwe ukushisa ngaphakathi kwaso. uPhiko lokuLondoloza iMvelo waseMelika (EPA) ichaza ukuthi izinhlelo eziningi zokupholisa zisebenzisa i-refrigerant kulolu hlobo lomjikelezo ukuze kupholiswe indawo noma into ethile.

Izingxenye ezibalulekile zesiqandisi zihlanganisa i-*compressor, condenser, expansion device* kanye ne-*evaporator*. I-compressor icindezela i-refrigerant, bese iya ku-condenser lapho ikhipha khona ukushisa. Ngemuva kwalokho i-refrigerant idlula endaweni yokunciphisa umfutho, bese iya ku-evaporator lapho ithatha khona ukushisa ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi. Lokhu kwenza ingaphakathi lesiqandisi libe sezingeni lokushisa eliphansi.

Ukubaluleka kwesiqandisi

Isiqandisi sibalulekile ngoba sisiza ukugcina ukudla isikhathi eside. Ngokugcina ukudla kubanda, kuncishiswa amathuba okuthi ukudla konakale ngokushesha. Lokhu kusiza imindeni ukuthi igcine ukudla okuthile izinsuku eziningana futhi kunciphise nokumoshwa kokudla.

Iziqandisi zibalulekile nasemabhizinisini afana nezitolo, izindawo zokudlela nezindawo zokucubungula ukudla. uPhiko lokuLondoloza iMvelo uhlukanisa izinhlelo zokupholisa ezisetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano njengeziqandisi, ama-freezer kanye nemishini yokugcina ukudla okubandayo noma okuqandisiwe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamazuba

Ngenxa yokuthi isiqandisi sisebenza isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukukhetha esisebenzisa ugesi ngendlela ephumelelayo. I-ENERGY STAR ithi iziqandisi ezinesitifiketi sayo zisebenzisa cishe u-9% wamandla amancane kunezibonelo ezihlangabezana nezinga elincane lokusebenza kahle kwamandla e-United States. Izici ezifana ne-compressor esebenza kahle, insulation enhle kanye nezindlela ezingcono zokulawula izinga lokushisa zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

eNingizimu Afrika, izisetshenziswa zikagesi zinezinhlelo zokulebula ukusebenza kahle kwamandla. UMnyango Wezamandla waseNingizimu Afrika uchaza ukuthi amalebula asebenzisa amamaki ukusuka ku-A kuya ku-G, lapho u-A emele ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuphezulu kanti u-G emele okuphansi.

Ukunakekelwa kwesiqandisi

Ukuze isiqandisi sisebenze kahle, kufanele sigcinwe sihlanzekile futhi iminyango yaso ivaleke kahle. I-gasket noma irabha elisemnyango kufanele ivale kahle ukuze umoya obandayo ungaphumi. Ukukhetha isiqandisi esilingana nezidingo zomndeni nakho kungasiza ekugcineni amandla, njengoba iziqandisi ezinkulu ngokuvamile zidinga amandla amaningi.

Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina izinga lokushisa lifanele. uMnyango wamaZuba waseMelika uncoma ukuthi ingxenye yesiqandisi ibe phakathi kuka-36°F no-40°F, okulingana cishe no-2°C kuya ku-4°C, ukuze kugcinwe ukudla ngendlela efanele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaningi ngokungadingekile.

Isiqandisi nemvelo

Indlela isiqandisi esenziwe ngayo kanye nohlobo lwe-refrigerant esiyisebenzisayo kungaba nomthelela emvelweni. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-refrigerant zinamandla amakhulu okufaka isandla ekufudumaleni komhlaba uma zikhishelwa emkhathini. I-ENERGY STAR ikhomba ama-refrigerant afana ne-R-600a njengamanye anezinga eliphansi le-Global Warming Potential uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kuthengwa isiqandisi esisha, kubalulekile ukubheka ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nolwazi olumayelana ne-refrigerant. Isiqandisi esisebenza kahle singasiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kanye nomthelela kwezemvelo.

Isiqandisi siyithuluzi elibalulekile empilweni yansuku zonke ngoba sisiza ukugcina ukudla neziphuzo kubanda futhi kunciphise ukonakala kokudla. Sisebenza ngokusebenzisa i-refrigeration cycle lapho i-refrigerant idlulisa khona ukushisa kusuka ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi kuya ngaphandle. Ngenxa yokuthi isiqandisi sisebenzisa ugesi njalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha esisebenza kahle, ukusigcina kahle nokusebenzisa izilungiselelo ezifanele. Ukukhetha imikhiqizo eyonga amandla kungasiza ukwehlisa izindleko zikagesi kanye nomthelela kwezemvelo.