Isivoko esibuka umhlaba
Isivoko esibuka umhlaba yisivoko esisetshenziselwa noma esiklanyelwe Ukubuka Umhlaba lapho siwuzungeza, kuhlanganisa nezivoko zobuhloli kanye nezinye ezifanayo ezingahloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwezempi ezelusa imvelo, Isimo sezulu, Ibalazwe nokunye. Uhlobo oluvame lwezivoko yilezo ezithwebula umhlaba, ezithatha imifanekiso yesivoko, efana nemifanekiso ethathwa emoyeni; ezinye izivoko ezibuka umhlaba ziqhogoya ukuhlonga buqamama ngaphandle kokwakha izithombe, njengasekufihleni komsakazo we-GNSS.
Isehlakalo sokuqala sezivoko esihlonga buqamama kwenziwa emva kokunyakulwa kwesivoko sokuqala, I-Sputnik 1, esakhiwa izwe iSoviet Union ngo-October 4, 1957.[1] I-Sputnik 1 sathumela emuva iziyabizo zomsakazo, osonzululwazi abazisebenzisela ukucwaninga ishambulunga.[2]
- ↑ Tatem, Andrew J.; Goetz, Scott J.; Hay, Simon I. (2008). "Fifty Years of Earth-observation Satellites". American Scientist 96 (5): 390–398. doi:10.1511/2008.74.390. PMC 2690060. PMID 19498953. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2690060.
- ↑ Kuznetsov, V.D.; Sinelnikov, V.M.; Alpert, S.N. (June 2015). "Yakov Alpert: Sputnik-1 and the first satellite ionospheric experiment". Advances in Space Research 55 (12): 2833–2839. Bibcode 2015AdSpR..55.2833K. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2015.02.033.