Izindabambumbulu
Izindabambumbulu ziwukwaziswa okungamanga noma okuphundulayo ( isidukiso, inkohlisa, i-propaganda, kanye namanga ) okwethulwa sengathi yizindaba zeqiniso. Izindabambumbulu zivame ukuba nenhloso yokonakalisa idumela lomuntu noma inhlangano, noma ukwenza imali ngemalingeniso yokukhangisa . [1] [2] Nakuba izindabambumbulu bezilokhu zisakazwa emlandweni wonke, igama elithi izindabambumbulu laqala ukusetshenziswa ngawo-1890 lapho imibiko emangazayo emaphephandabeni yayivamile. NgesiZulu linayo incazelo eqondile, njengoba lisho unoma yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi olungamanga oluvezwa njengezindaba. Lingasetshenziswa ngokungafanele abantu abadumile ukuchaza noma yiziphi izindaba ezingabavezi kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkohlisa yona ibandakanya ukusabalalisa ukwaziswa okungamanga ngenhloso yokulimaza futhi ngezinye izikhathi lukhiqizwa futhi lusakazwe abadlali bangaphandle abanonya, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokhetho . Kwezinye izincazelo, izindabambumbulu zihlanganisa izihloko ezihlekisayo ezichazwa kabi njengeziyiqiniso, kanye nezihloko ezisebenzisa izihloko ezivusa imizwa noma izihlokwana ezicuphukuqhebezwa ezingasekelwa embhalweni.
Amaphatho
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising. p. 807–829.
- ↑ Fake News, Real Money: Ad Tech Platforms, Profit-Driven Hoaxes, and the Business of Journalism. p. 1–21. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21670811.2018.1556314.