Iziqu zobuntwesi
Iziqu zobuntwesi yiziqu zakwNgqondonkulu zangemva kokoqoqoda amanyuvesi noma amakolishi aziklomelisa loyo oqede isifundo esithile futhi wabonisa ubuchule noma ukuthi sekayintwesi emkhakheni othile woqeqesho noma indawo yokusebenza yobungcwepheshi. Iziqu zobuntwesi ngokuvamile zidinga isifundo sangaphambilini njengeziqu zobumfundane (bacholor), kungaba njengeziqu ezihlukile noma njengengxenye yenkambo ehlanganisiwe. Ngaphakathi komkhakha ofundelwayo, abaqoqode iziqu zobuntwesi kulindeleke ukuthi babe nolwazi oluthuthukisiwe lwendikimba ekhethekile yezihloko zomchachiso nezisetshenziswayo; amakhono aphezulu ekuhlaziyeni, ekucubulungeni nzulu, noma ekusetshenzisweni kobungcwepheshi; kanye nekhono lokuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi nokucabanga ngokuqinile nangokuzimela.
Iziqu zobuntwesi zaqala ekuveleni kwamanyuvesi aseYurophu, ngesigunyazo sikaPapa ka-1233 esasithi noma ubani ovunyelwe ukuba yintwesi eNyuvesi yaseToulouse kufanele avunyelwe ukufundisa ngokukhululeka kunoma iyiphi enye inyuvesi. Incazelo yokuqala yeziqu zobuntwesi yayiwukuthi, ungumuntu ovunyelwe ukuba intwesi efundisayo kwenye inyuvesi kufanele avunyelwe ukuba intwesi kwenye inyuvesi. Lokhu kancane kancane kwaba semthethweni njenge- licentia docendī (imvume yokufundisa). Ekuqaleni, izingcithabuchopho nezintwesi babengahlukaniswa, kodwa ngekhulu le-15 kwase kuyinto evamile emanyuvesi aseNgilandi ukubiza kubafundisi abasezikhundleni eziphansi (ubuciko nohlelo lolimi) ngokuthi izintwesi kanye nalabo abasezikhundleni eziphakeme ngokuthi izingcitha. [1]
Iziqu zobuntwesi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'INtwesi yo- ...', lapho kuchazwe khona usiba (ngokuvamile uBuciko noma iNzululwazi) noma umkhakha (UMngcikisho, uMchazandalo, uMchazatho, Ukuphathwa Kwebhizinisi, njll.). Iziqu ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zeziqu zobuNtwesi yiziqu zobuNtwesi bezoBuciko (MA/AM) kanye neziqu zobuNtwesi beNzululwazi (MSc/MS/SM), ezivame ukuba nengxube yocwaningo nezinto ezifundiswayo.