Napoleon

uNapoleon wokuQala wayenguMbusi saseFulansi. Uzalwe eCorsica (isiZulu: eKhosika) ngo mhla we-15 kaNcwaba nge-1769. Nakuba wayezalwe ngegama lika Napoleone Buonaparte, ulihumushe esiFulansini makafuduka eFulansi, ku Napoleon Bonaparte. shone we-5 zikaNhsilabngo-1821 eseqhingini sika-SainsikaaNgcwele pho wadingiswa khona ngasemuva sokumenulwa ngumfelondawonye wamaNgisi namanye amazwe aseYurophu eMpini yaseWaterloo nge-1815. Isizukulu sakhe, uNapoleon III, wabuyisa umuzi kaBonaparte ebukhosini baseFulansi kusekela 1848. Kusukela 1799 kufika kwe-1804 wayenumHoli wokuQala emkhandlwini wabaHoli beRiphabhuliki yokuQala yaseFulansi. Umenule uhulumeni weRiphabhuliki yaseFulansi ukuze ayiguqule kube uMbuso waseFulansi futhi waziqoka iSilo samaFulentshi ngo-1804. Kusukela u-1805 kufika ku-1814, wayeyiNkosi yase iTaliya. Kusukela u-1806 kufika ku-1813 wayenguMvikeli weMfelondawonye yaseMfula Rhine.
Ekufudukweni kwakhe eFulansi ngo-1779, wayeyijoni lamaButho wobuKhosi waseFulansi ngo-1785. Wasingatha uMvukelambuso wamaFulentshi wokumenula iNkosi uLouis XIV, ngo-1789 wandonsa phambili ekulikhuliseni ekhayeni lakhe eKhosika. Ukhuphuke ngokushesha emazingeni wamabutho ngemuva kokuphumelela ukuvimbezela idolobha iToulon ngo-1793 nokunqoba abashokobezi basebukhosini eParis ngomhlaka-5 kaMfumfu ngo-1795 (ngohlelo lweminyaka omusha baseFulansi: umhlaka 13 ka-Vendémiaire). Ngo-1796, uNapoleon wasebenza ngokushesha ngokuyala umkhankaso wezempi ngokumelene noMbuso wamaHabsburg waseOstriya kanye nabafelandawonye babo baseTaliya eMpini yoBumbano wokuQala, lapho wabamba iqhaza elibalulekile. Impela, abantu baseFulansi bambona njengeqhawe ngenxa yalokho. iNkuphuko yakhe esigabeni sezombangazwe esiphezulu kweRiphabhuliki yaseFulansi sasiqinisekisiwa ngenxa yokuphumelela kwakhe ekunqobeni kweGibhithe neSyria ngo-1789. Leyonhlaselo ivuse isimemezo sabafundi bakhe ukuthi athathe izibhopa zombuso eFulansi. NgoLwezi ku-1799, uNapoleon wasusa ukumenulwa kwokuphatha kweDirectorie yaseFulansi, ngakho waba ngumHoli wokuQala woMkhandlu wabaHoli waseFulansi (ngesiFulansi: Premier consule de France). Ngokuphumelela kwakhe eMpini yaseMarengo (idolobha laseTaliya) wayeqinisekisa ukunqoba kweFulansi eMpini yoBumbano wesiBili ngo-1800. Ngo-1803 wadayisela iMelika ikoloni yaseLouisiana. NgoZibandlela woyaka olandelayo, waziqoka uMbusi wamaFulentshi.
Ukuwohloka kweSivumelwano sase-Amiens kwaholela eMpini Yobumbano wesithathu ngo-1805. UNapoleon wahlalaza uBumbano wesiThathu ngokunqoba okuwujuqu eMpini yase-Austerlitz, okwaholela ekuhlakazweni koMbuso oNgcwele wamaRoma . Sewanyanyile okokugcina amakhosi aseYurophu, wahlangisa uBumbano wesiNe ukuzama ukumehlula uNapoleon. Ngendumazeko yabo, uNapoleon wabahlula iProyiseni iphokophele ukumhlasela eMpini yaseJena-Auerstadt ngo-1806. Ngokuhlula iProyiseni, kwalandela iRashiya ebubhaqabulweni ngo-1807 eMpini Friedland - uNapoleon wayehlula iRasiya. Efuna ukunweba isivimbelo sakhe sezohwebo ngokumelene neBrithani, uNapoleon wahlasela iNhlonhlo yase-Iberia futhi wafaka umfowabo uJoseph njengeNkosi yaseSpaniya ngo-1808, evusa iMpi yeNhlonhlo. Ngokungafundi ngokubona, abase-Ostriya banqotshwe nguNapoleon ngoba bezama ukumelana naye ngokuhlongoza uBumbano wesiHlanu ukuhlasela iFulansi nge-1809. Ekuphumeleleni kwakhe eMpini yaseWagram wayihlula imponselo yenselelo yama-Ostriya kangangokuthi aqinise amandla akhe phezu kwabo. Ama-Ostriya bazi khotha izilonda abanikeze zona. Sekengcebekile esimeni asibekile eYurophu uNapoleon washaya iRashiya ngemigomo nemibandela kodwa yamshayela ondova. Lokho kuholele ekutheni ayihlasele nge-1812. Amabutho akhe wavimbezela iMoskva, isiqonga saseRashiya, kodwa ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo, imvula kanye nodaga basebusika kanye nokuziphindisela kwabase-Rashiya, baxhosha amabutho kaNapoleon.