Umbijongo

Umbijongo uyisakhiwo esiwudlomothi esinezitezi eziningi okungahlalwa kuzo. Imithombo eminingi yesimanje ichaza imibijongo njengengamamitha ayi-100 noma ayi-150 ukuphakama, yize kungekho ncasiselo eyamukelwayo, ngaphandle kokuthi yizakhiwo ezinde eziwudlomothi. Imibijongo ingase ibe namahhovisi, amahhotela, izindawo zokuhlala, kanye nezindawo zokudayisa. Imibijongo iwulwangu oluvamile lwezidlavela ezinkulu, ngokuvamile ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu sendawo kanye nokutholakala komhlaba okulinganiselwe.

Incasiselo

Igama elithi "umbijongo" lisho isakhiwo esakhiwe ngohlaka lwensimbi noma izinye izithako. Ngowesichazamazwi sikaVilakazi igama elithi umbijongo liyefana nelithi ubijongo elisho isakhiwo esidlomothi, esiphakeme. Futhi lihlobene nelithi umboshongo. Izakhiwo ezihlala abantu eziyimibijongo zaqala ukubonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ezakhiwa emadolobheni amakhulu aseMelika njengeNew York City, iPhiladelphia, iBoston, iChicago, iDetroit, neSt . Louis . ^[1]

Umbijongo wokuqala owakhandwa ngohlaka lwensimbi kwakuyisakhiwo Somshuwalense Wekhaya, ekuqaleni esasinezitezi eziyi-10 eChicago ngowe-1885; kwanezelwa izitezi ezimbili ezengeziwe. Abanye bakhomba iSakhiwo sikaJayne esinezitezi eziyi-10 sasePhiladelphia (1849–50) njengembijongo omdala, ^[2] noma iSakhiwo i-Equitable Life esinezitezi eziyisikhombisa saseNew York, esakhiwa ngowe-1870. Ukwakha ngesikhehle sensimbi kuye kwavumela imibijongo emide yanamuhla ukuba yakhiwe emhlabeni wonke.

↑ Petruzzello, Melissa. "Skyscraper". Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/skyscraper. Retrieved 21 February 2022. "Skyscraper, very tall, multistoried building. The name first came into use during the 1880s, shortly after the first skyscrapers were built, in the United States. The development of skyscrapers came as a result of the coincidence of several technological and social developments. The term skyscraper originally applied to buildings of 10 to 20 stories, but by the late 20th century the term was used to describe high-rise buildings of unusual height, generally greater than 40 or 50 stories."
↑ Empty citation (help)

[britannica-1] Petruzzello, Melissa. "Skyscraper". Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/skyscraper. Retrieved 21 February 2022. "Skyscraper, very tall, multistoried building. The name first came into use during the 1880s, shortly after the first skyscrapers were built, in the United States. The development of skyscrapers came as a result of the coincidence of several technological and social developments. The term skyscraper originally applied to buildings of 10 to 20 stories, but by the late 20th century the term was used to describe high-rise buildings of unusual height, generally greater than 40 or 50 stories."

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