Umchamo
Umchamo ungumtshoko okhishwa yizinso zezinomgogodla ukuze kuncishiswe amanzi angaphezulu egazini kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba okuhlanganisa i-urea, isimunyu se-uric, kanye ne-creatinine .
Kwezincelisayo, umchamo uhamba usuka ezinsweni nge -ureters uye esinyeni ukuze uqoqongwe laohi kuze kube yilapho uchanywa . Ezincelisayo eziomhlapho zikhipha umchamo kwesinye ngesishobingisi (urethra), kanti ezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla zichama ngepitini (cloaca) .