Umsakazo
Umsakazo ubuchwepheshe bokuyabiza (signaling) nokuxhumana ngokusebenzisa amaza omsakazo. Amaza omsakazo angamaza wenzubawonga omjinge ophakathi kwamahaza angama-30 (Hz) namahazakazi angama-300 (GHz). Aphehlwa ngesilekeleli samazuba esibizwa ngesifufukisi (transmitter) esixhunywe kwisihoshamoya (antenna) esiyonza amaza, futhi amukelwa esinye isihoshamoya esixhunywe kwisamukezi msakazo. Umsakazo usetshenziswa kabanzi kwezobuchwepheshe banamuhla, kwezokuxhumana ngomsakazo, isifuniseli, ukugegeleza ngomsakazo, ukulawula buqamama, ukuzwa buqamama, nakweminye imisebenzi.