Usuku Lwabasebenzi

Usuku lwabasebenzi (IsiNgisi:Workers Day) yiholide lomphakathi lesizwe laseNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngonyaka we-1994 ligujwa mhla zi-1 uNhlaba minyaka yonke. Leli holide ligujwa emazweni angama-80 lapho libizwa khona nge-International Workers Day kwezinye izindawo laziwa nge-May Day. Ngalolu suku kususuke kugujwa iqhaza elibanjwa ngabasebenzi ezweni lilonkana, lugqugquzelwa Izinhlangano Zabasebenzi. Ngalolu suku kusuke kukhunjulwa abasebenzi abalahlekelwa izimpilo zabo esehlakalweni esaziwa ngeHaymarket Affair ngonyaka we-1886 lapho babebhikishela ukuthi kwehliswe amahora okusebenza abe yi-8. ENingizimu Afrika kusuke kukhunjulwa uqhaza elibanjwa abasebenzi ezweni laseNingizimu Afrika, okuyibo abadlala indima enkulu ekuqhubeni umnotho walelizwe.

Umlando

Umlando waleli holide ubhekiwas umuva kwi-Haymarket Affair eyenzeka endaweni yaseChicago ezweni laseMelika lapho amaphoyisa ayezama ukuhlukanisa iqulu labhikishi ngonyaka we-1886. Abasebenzi babebhikishele ukuthi kwehliswe amahora okusebenza osukwini, abe yi-8. Lombhikisho wabe ungenelo udlame kodwa kwaba khona umhlaseli ongaziwa owaphosa ibhomu emaphoyiseni, amaphoyisa aphendula ngokudubula ababhikishi bengahlomile ngezinhlamvu eziphilayo. Lesi sehlakalo saholela ekutheni kufe abasebenzi abayi-8, kwalimala amaphoyisa angama-60 kanye nesibalo esingaziwa sabalimala nabafa sabebebukela ^[1]. Yize lesi sibhicongo senzeka ngonyaka we-1886 kodwa kodwa usuku le-1 Nhlaba laqala ukubizwa ngeholide ngonyaka we-1891 emva kwemibhikisho eminingi eyabanjwa emazweni ahlukhlukene yizinhlangano ezinigi zabasebenzi ezahlukahlukene ^[2]. ENingizimu Afrika kusuuke kugujwa iqhaza elabanjwa izinhlangano zabasebenzi kanye nezinyunyana ekulweni nohulumeni wobandlululo ngeminyaka yama-80.

Umlando woSuku Lwabasebenzi eNingizimu Afrika

Ngonyaka we-1922 kwaba khona imibhikosho emikhulu eNingizimu Afrika yenziwa ngabasebenzi basezimayini kodwa yabe ithola ingcindezi enkulu kuhulumeni. Ushintso lwaba khona ngonyaka we-1973 lapho kwaba khona imobhikisho eminingi eThekwini eyaholela emzabalazweni, eyaholela ekuvumbukeni kwezinhlangano ezimele abasebenzi. Lokhu kwaholela ekubunjweni kwenhlangano yabasebenzi basezimayini eyqanajwa mgokuthi i-National Union of Mineworkers ngonyaka we-1982. Lenhlanagano yabe inobudlelwano obukhulu neqembu le-iCongress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) yona eyabunjwa ngonyaka we-1985 nayo eyabe inobuhlobo obukhu neqembu le-United Democratic Front (UDF) lamaqembu ayehlangen engenhloso yokuyoqeda ubandlululo^[3].

Ususku Lwabasebenzi emva kwe-1994

Ngonyaka we-1994 emva kokhetho lokuwqala lwentando yeningi usuku loku-1 uNhlaba labekwa njengeholide, elaziwa njengoSuku Lwabasebenzi. Ngalolu suku inhlangano enkulu emele abasebenzi iCongress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) ibamba amamshi kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseNingizimu Afrika ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuba khona kwemithetho evikela abasebezi. Imashi enkulu ibanjwa eThekwini eCurries Fountain Staa`dium, okuyilapho imibhikisho emikhulu ngonyaka we-1973 yahlanganaisa khona izinkumbi zabasebenzi. Kulombhikisho kwahlanaga abasebenzi abalinganiselwa kwabayizi-100,000 beshamela amholo angcono . kulamamashi asuke ebanjwe ngalolu suku abasebenzi basuke bemashela inhlalakahle kanye nezimo ezisemgangathweni zokusukebenzela.

Ngosuku Lwabasebenzi umongameli wezwe wethula inkulumo lapho kusuke kubanjwe khona imashi enkulu, ngokuhlelwa yi-COSATUUhulumeni ngokubona ukubaluleka kwalosuku wenze imithetho eminingi ezama ukuvikela amalungelo abasebenzi emsebenzini, ukuze bangaxhashazwa ngabaqashi. Lemithetho futhi yenzelwa ukuba ubudlelwano phakathi kwabaqashi kanye nabasebenzi buhlezi buqinile. Isigaba sama-22 somthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika sisqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu unelungelo lokukhetha umsebenzi umsebenzi othandwa nguye, futhi umqashi nabasebenzi banelungeno lokwe noma imuphi umsebenzi, ngokwemibandela abavumelana ngayo ^[4]. Imithetho eyenziwe nguhululmeni waseNingizimu Afrika ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalungelo absebenzi avikelekile, singabala le:

Umthetho wokuHlobana nabaSebenzi we-1995 (Labour Relations Act of 1995)
Umthetho weZempilo nezokuphepha eziMayini we-1996 (Mines Health and Safety Act 1996")
Umthetho wekuQashwa ngokuLingana we-1998 (Employment Equity Act 1998)
Umthetho weMibandela eyiSisisekelo yokuQashwa we-1997 (Basic Conditions of Employment Act 1997)

Usuku lwabasebenzi libuye lisetshenziswe njengendawo lapho lapho kuveza izinkinga ezibheke nezwe laseNingizimu Afrika okubalwa kuzo ukuntuleka kwamathuba emisabenzi, ukungelingani ngokomnotho, kanye nezinkinga zokucwasana ngokobhlanga nozo zonke izindlela zokubandlululana.

Bheka futhi

Imithombo

↑ [1] Haymarket and May Day, Encyclopedia of Chicago
↑ [2] Workers' Day South Africa, Cape Town Magazine
↑ [3] May Day:understanding the history of workers' rights in South Africa, South African History African Archive
↑ [4]^{[dead link]} How to ensure more South Africans celebrate Workers Day as workers? Business Live

[1] [1] Haymarket and May Day, Encyclopedia of Chicago

[2] [2] Workers' Day South Africa, Cape Town Magazine

[3] [3] May Day:understanding the history of workers' rights in South Africa, South African History African Archive

[4] [4]^{[dead link]} How to ensure more South Africans celebrate Workers Day as workers? Business Live

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