Airey Neave
U-Airey Middleton Sheffield Neave, i- DSO , OBE , MC , TD ( /ɛər i N I v / ; 23 Januwari 1916 - 30 Mashi 1979) wayeyisosha laseBrithani, ummeli kanye neLungu lePhalamende (MP) kusuka ngo- 1953 kwaze kwaba ukubulawa kwakhe ngo-1979.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yomhlaba Yesibili waba yisiboshwa-sempi sokuqala saseBrithani esaphumelela ukweqa e- Oflag IV-C eColditz Castle, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wasebenzela iMI9.Ngemuva kwempi wasebenza ne- International Military Tribunal emacaleni aseNuremberg.Kamuva waba yilungu le-Conservative MP ye- Abingdon
UNeave wabulawa ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa ibhomu emotweni e- House of Commons.I- Irish National Liberation Army yafuna umthwalo.
Isiqalo sokuphila
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]UNeave wayeyindodana kaSheffield Airey Neave CMG, OBE (1879–1961), isazi sezinambuzane, esasihlala e- Ingatestone, e-Essex, nomkakhe uDorothy (d. 1943), indodakazi ka-Arthur Thomson Middleton.Ubaba wakhe wayengumzukulu kaSheffield Neave, indodana yesithathu kaSir Thomas Neave, uBaronet wesibili (bona amabhagi kaNeave ).
Umndeni wagqama njengabathengisi eWest Indies phakathi nekhulu le-18 futhi bakhuliselwa ebukhoneni ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaRichard Neave, uMbusi weBhange laseNgilandi.UNeave wachitha iminyaka yakhe yokuqala eKnightsbridge eLondon, ngaphambi kokuthuthela eBeaconsfield.UNeave wathunyelwa eSt. Ronan's School, eWorthing, futhi ukusuka lapho, ngo-1929, waya e- Eton College.qhubekile wafunda i- Jurisprudence eMerton College, e-Oxford.
Impi Yezwe II
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]UNeave wadlulisela ikhomishini yakhe yendawo kumaRoyal Engineers ngomhlaka 2 Meyi 1938 kwathi ngemuva kokugqashuka kwempi wahlanganiswa.Wathunyelwa eFrance ngoFebhuwari 1940 ngebutho lokuqala le-Searchlight, iRoyal Artillery, walimala futhi wabanjwa amaJalimane eCalais ngomhlaka 23 Meyi 1940.Waboshwa e- Oflag IX-A / H eduzane naseSpangenberg kwathi ngoFebhuwari 1941 wathuthela eStalag XX-A ngaseThorn entshonalanga yePoland eyayihlala amaJalimane.Khonamanjalo, ikhomishini kaNeave yadluliselwa eRoyal Artillery ngomhlaka 1 Agasti 1940.
Ngo-Ephreli 1941 weqa eThorn noNorman Forbes.Bona bathunjwa eduze Ilow ngenkathi kuzanywa ukungena Soviet -controlled Poland futhi babe kafushane ezandleni amaGestapo.NgoMeyi, bobabili bathunyelwa e- Oflag IV-C (evame ukubizwa ngeColditz Castle ngenxa yendawo okuyo).
UNeave wenza umzamo wakhe wokuqala wokweqa eColditz ngomhlaka-28 Agasti 1941 ezifihle njenge-NCO yaseGerman.Akaphumanga enqabeni njengoba umfaniswano wakhe waseJalimane owenziwe ngokuxhamazela (owenziwe ngengubo yamasosha asePoland nopende owenziwe ngopende womhlaba) wawunikezwa okuluhlaza okotshani ngaphansi kwamalambu okusesha asejele. [1]Ngokubambisana nesikhulu saseDashi u- Anthony Luteyn waphinde wenza umzamo wesibili ngomhlaka 5 Januwari 1942, waphinde wazifihla.
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]UNeave umele iqembu leConservative Party okhethweni luka-1950 eThurrock nase- Ealing North ngo-1951.Wakhethwa u- Abingdon okhethweni lokuchibiyela ngoJuni 1953, kepha umsebenzi wakhe wabanjwa yisifo senhliziyo abhekana naso ngo-1959.
Wayengumbusi we- Imperial College phakathi kuka-1963 no-1971 futhi wayeyilungu lekomidi elikhethiwe le-House of Commons leSayensi Nobuchwepheshe phakathi kuka-1965 no-1970. Wayesesigungwini esilawulayo se- Abingdon School kusuka ngo-1953 kuya ku-1979.
UNeave wayengumbhali wenqubomgomo entsha neqine yeConservative yokushiya amandla kuhulumeni waseNyakatho ye-Ireland uma ingekho inqubekela phambili kusenesikhathi, futhi egxile ekuguqulweni kohulumeni basekhaya esikhundleni salokho.Le nqubomgomo yokuhlanganiswa kwabantu yalahlwa ngokushesha nguHumphrey Atkins, owaba nguNobhala Wezwe WaseNyakatho ye-Ireland, indima uNeave ayeyicashile.
Isazi sezombusazwe uTony Benn uqopha kwidayari yakhe (17 Febhuwari 1981) ukuthi intatheli yaseNew Statesman, uDuncan Campbell, imtshele ukuthi waluthola ulwazi eminyakeni emibili edlule, kummeli wezobunhloli, ukuthi uNeave wayehlele ukuthi uBenn abulawe uma, kulandela ukukhethwa kukahulumeni wezabaSebenzi, umholi wezabaSebenzi uJames Callaghan wesula esikhundleni futhi kwaba nethuba lokuthi uBenn angakhethwa esikhundleni sakhe.
UCampbell uthe i-ejenti yayikulungele ukusho igama layo kanti noNew Statesman wayezophrinta le ndaba.UBenn, nokho, wakushaya indiva ukuba semthethweni kwale ndaba, ebhala encwadini yakhe yezindaba: "Akekho umuntu ozokholwa umzuzwana ukuthi u-Airey Neave ubengenza into enjalo." [2]Iphephabhuku laphrinta lolu daba mhla zingama-20 kuNhlolanja 1981, laqamba umenzeli ngo- Lee Tracey.UTracey uthe uhlangane noNeave, owamcela ukuthi ajoyine ithimba lochwepheshe bezobunhloli nezokuphepha elizokwenza "isiqiniseko sokuthi uBenn uyamiswa".Umhlangano wesibili ohleliwe awuzange ube khona ngoba uNeave wabulawa. [3]
Ukubulawa
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
U-Airey Neave walimala kabi ngomhlaka-30 Mashi 1979 ngesikhathi ibhomu lemoto kazibuthe lifakwe i-tilt-switch liqhuma ngaphansi kweVauxhall Cavalier yakhe ngo-14: 58 ngesikhathi ephuma eParace of Westminster park park.Walahlekelwa yimilenze yomibili kulokhu kuqhuma futhi washona ngamanxeba akhe esibhedlela iWestminster Hospital ngemuva kwehora esindisiwe emotweni eyayiphukelwe. Wayeneminyaka engama-63.
Ngemuva kwalokho i-Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) yazibophezela ekubulaweni komuntu.UNeave ubelokhu ecindezela ngaphakathi kwemibuthano yeConservative Party nasePhalamende kuzo zonke izingqinamba zokuthi uHulumeni waseBrithani ayeke isu lakhe lokuvikela (kufaka phakathi i- " Ulsterisation ") ye- republicitar yase-Ireland ngaphakathi kwe- Northern Ireland, bese eshintshela kokunye ukuhlasela kwakhe kwezempi.Kukholakala ukuthi yilokhu okuholele ekutheni akhonjwe indlela. [4]
Ukushona kukaNeave kwenzeke ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemuva kokuvotelwa kokungazethembi okwehlise phansi uhulumeni kaCallaghan kanye namasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho lukazwelonke, olwaletha ukunqoba kwe-Conservative futhi lwabona uThatcher engena esikhundleni njengoNdunankulu.Unkosikazi kaNeave, uDiana, owashada naye ngomhlaka 29 Disemba 1942, wabuye wakhushulelwa endlini yeNkosi njengoBaroness Airey wase Abingdon.
Umbhali womlando kaNeave uPaul Routledge wahlangana nelungu le- Irish Republican Socialist Party (uphiko lwezepolitiki lwe-INLA) owayebandakanyeka ekubulaweni kukaNeave futhi owatshela uRoutledge ukuthi uNeave "wayezophumelela kakhulu kulowo msebenzi [uNobhala we-Northern Ireland].Ubezowuletha phansi umzabalazo wezikhali ". [5]
Ngenxa yokubulawa kukaNeave i-INLA kwathiwa ayikho emthethweni kulo lonke elase-United Kingdom ngomhlaka 2 Julayi 1979.
UNeave wangcwatshwa emathuneni eSonto LaseSt. Margaret eHinton Waldrist, e- Oxfordshire. [6]
Imibono yetulo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngenkathi esebenza e- House of Commons njengomsizi wocwaningo lukaPaddy Ashdown , uKevin Cahill uthi ube nezingxoxo ezingaba yisithupha nabasebenzi bezokuphepha lapho.Ukuphawula okuvame kakhulu ukuthi "wonke umuntu ubeyazi" indaba ngemuva kokushona kukaNeave kodwa akekho noyedwa ongakhuluma ngayo kabanzi, ngoba bekungaba yingozi kakhulu.UCahill uthi abakholwa ukuthi u-INLA wabulala uNeave. Esikhundleni salokho, kwakungumsebenzi "wangaphakathi".UCahill uphethe ngokuthi uNeave wabulawa ngabasebenzi be-MI6 abasebenza ne- CIA ngoba uNeave wayefuna ukushushisa abantu abaphezulu enhlanganweni yezobunhloli ngenkohlakalo. [7]
Omunye umuntu ongazange amukele uhlobo lwemicimbi olwamukelwa kakhulu ngu- Enoch Powell, Ilungu lePhalamende le- Ulster Unionist.UPowell wathi enkulumweni abe nayo neThe Guardian ngomhlaka 9 Januwari 1984 abaseMelika babulala uNeave, kanye noLord Mountbatten noRobert Bradford MP.Uthe ubufakazi buqhamuke kwilungu leRoyal Ulster Constabulary axoxa nalo. [8]
Ngo-18 Okthoba 1986, uPowell wabuyela odabeni lokushona kukaNeave enkulumweni ayethula kubafundi ababelandela umthetho eBirmingham .Ubatshele ukuthi i-INLA ayimbulalanga uNeave, kodwa kunalokho, wabulawa ngu "MI6 nabangane babo".UPowell uthe inqubomgomo kaNeave yaseNyakatho ye-Ireland ibe ngeyokuhlanganiswa ne-UK yonkana futhi abantu baseMelika banovalo lokuthi le nqubo, uma ingaqaliswa nguNeave, ibingeke ihlehliswe.Ukubulawa kwakhe, kusolwa uPowell, kwakuhloselwe ukwenza uhulumeni waseBrithani amukele inqubomgomo eyamukelekayo eMelika ngenhloso yakhe yokuba ne- Ireland ebumbene ngaphakathi kweNATO . [9]
Ukuboniswa okuqanjiwe kokubulala
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngo-2014, eminyakeni engama-35 ngemuva kokushona kukaNeave, kwabikwa ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa i-akhawunti eqanjiwe yokubulawa kukaNeave emdlalweni weChannel 4 .Umdlalo, i- Utopia, uveza uNeave njengomuntu ophuzayo owayesebenzisana nezinhloli futhi ekhombisa ukubulawa kwakhe njengoba kwakwenziwa yi- MI5.Lokhu kuholele ekulahlweni kwalo msakazi, uNorman Tebbit (umngani nozakwethu wezepolitiki kaNeave) ethi "Ukuhlasela umuntu onje ofile futhi ongakwazi ukuzivikela kuyadeleleka".
Ukuboniswa kwemidiya
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]UNeave uvezwe nguGeoffrey Pounsett eNuremberg (2000), uDermot Crowley eMargaret (2009), uNicholas Farrell kuThe Iron Lady (2011) noTim McInnerny e- Utopia (2014).
Iyasebenza
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- 1953 - Banokuphuma Kwabo
- 1954 - ISiphepho Esincane
- Ngo-1969 - ngoMgqibelo e-MI9 (isihloko sase-US: Igumbi Lokuphunyuka )
- 1972 - I-Flames of Calais: Impi Yamasosha, ngo-1940
- Ngo-1978 - iNuremberg (isihloko sase-US: Kuvivinywa eNuremberg )
Izinkomba
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ Airey Neave, They Have Their Exits (Beagle Books, Inc., 1971) pp. 69–76.
- ↑ Tony Benn, The Benn Diaries (Arrow, 1996), pp. 506–507.
- ↑ Routledge, pp. 299–300.
- ↑ Interview with Norman Tebbit, 'The Victoria Derbyshire Programme', British Broadcasting Corporation, 21 March 2017.
- ↑ Routledge, p. 360.
- ↑ Entry for Neave's grave in the Findagrave website. http://www.findagrave.com/memorial/108412973/airey-neave
- ↑ Routledge, pp. 335–336.
- ↑ Simon Heffer, Like the Roman: The Life of Enoch Powell (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999), p. 881.
- ↑ Heffer, p. 906.