I-Miyombo (Miombo)

I-Miyombo wudilandi iyisindawo esinotshani esishisayo nesishisayo, amasavanna, kanye ne-shrublands bhayomi (ku-World Wide Fund for Nature scheme) etholakala enkabeni naseningizimu ye-Afrika eshisayo. Kufaka phakathi izindawo ezintathu ze-woodland savanna ecoregions (ezibalwe ngezansi) ezibonakala ngokuba khona okuvelele kwezinhlobo zezihlahla ze-Brachystegia ne-Julbernardia, futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zezulu ezisukela kunomswakama kuya endaweni eyomile kancane, kanye ne-tropical kuya kwe-subtropical noma ngisho nezipholile. ^[1] Ngokuvamile lezi zihlahla zilahla amaqabunga azo isikhathi esifushane ngenkathi eyomile ukuze zinciphise ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi futhi zikhiqize amaqabunga amasha ngaphambi nje kokuqala kwenkathi yemvula enemibala ecebile yegolide nemibala ebomvu evala i-chlorophyll engaphansi, okukhumbuza imibala yasekwindla ebusika. indawo epholile.

I-Miyombo woodlands idlulela eningizimu-maphakathi ne-Afrika, isuka e-Angola entshonalanga iye eThanzaniya empumalanga, kuhlanganise nezingxenye zeKhongo-KInshasa, zeMalawi, zeMozambiki, zeZambhiya, kanye neZimbabwe. Enyakatho ziboshwe amahlathi aswakeme aseKhongo, enyakatho-mpumalanga yi-Acacia-Commiphora bushland, futhi eningizimu iboshwe yizinkangala ezisagwadule, izizinda ezinotshani kanye namasavanna.

Ihlathi lithola igama layo ku-miyombo (ubuningi, i-muyombo eyodwa), igama lesiBemba elisho izinhlobo ze-Brachystegia . Ezinye izilimi zesiBantu zakulesi sifunda, njengesiSwahili nesiShona, zikhulume amagama afanayo, njengeSwahili miyombo ( i-myombo eyodwa ). Lezi zindawo zehlathi zigcwele izihlahla zomndeni omncane i-Detarioideae, ikakhulukazi i-miyombo ( Brachystegia ), i-Julbernardia kanye ne-Isoberlinia, ezingavamile ukutholakala ngaphandle kwe-miyombo woodlands.

Izihlahla zeMiyombo zingahlukaniswa njengezomile noma ezimanzi ngokusekelwe enanini lonyaka kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemvula. ^[2] Izindawo zehlathi ezomile zenzeka kulezo zindawo ezithola ngaphansi kwe-1000 mm imvula yaminyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi eZimbabwe, enkabeni yeTanzania, empumalanga naseningizimu yeMozambique, eMalawi, naseningizimu yeZambia. Izinkuni ezimanzi yizo ezithola ngaphezu kwe-1000 mm imvula yaminyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi esenyakatho yeZambia, empumalanga ye-Angola, enkabeni yeMalawi, nasentshonalanga yeTanzania. I-miombo emanzi ngokuvamile inombhede omude (amamitha angu-15 noma ngaphezulu), isembozo sesihlahla esiningi (u-60% noma ngaphezulu ikhava yomhlabathi), kanye nokwehlukahlukana okukhulu kwezinhlobo kunemiombo eyomile.

Ikhorijini

Ama-ecoregions amathathu ayaziwa okwamanje.

I-Angolan wet miombo woodlands - Angola
Central Zambezian wet miombo woodlands – Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia
Izihlahla zemiombo ezomile - eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, maphakathi naseningizimu yeTanzania, Zambia kanye neZimbabwe. I-dry miombo woodlands ecoregion ihlanganisa i -Eastern miombo woodlands kanye ne-Southern miombo woodlands ecoregions ngaphambilini echazwe yi- World Wide Fund for Nature .

Iflora nezilwane

Naphezu kwenhlabathi engenazo izakhamzimba uma kuqhathaniswa, inkathi eyomile ende, kanye nemvula encane kwezinye izindawo, le ndawo yasehlathini iyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo zezinyoni ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo . Isihlahla esikhulu kunazo zonke yi-miombo ( Brachystegia spp.). Iphinde ihlinzeke ngokudla kanye nokumboza izilwane ezincelisayo njengendlovu yase-Afrika ( Loxodonta africana ), inja yasendle yase-Afrika ( Lycaon pictus ), i-sable antelope ( Hippotragus niger ) kanye ne-hartebeest ye-Lichtenstein ( Sigmoceros lichtensteinii ).

Abantu

Izihlahla zemiombo zibalulekile empilweni yabantu abaningi basemaphandleni abathembele ezintweni ezitholakala emahlathini. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane zihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo engewona amapulangwe njengezithelo, uju, ifolishi yemfuyo kanye nezinkuni zokubasa kubantu abahlukahlukene abahlukene ikakhulukazi abangamaBantu njengamaBemba, amaLozi, amaYao, amaLuvale, amaShona kanye namaLuba .

Amanothi

akukho njengamanje ngicela omunye asize la.

Izithenjwa

Campbell, Bruce M., ed. 1996. I-Miombo Transition: Woodlands & Welfare in Africa, CIFOR,ISBN 979-8764-07-2

Earthtrends.wri.org: Map of Miombo forests-grasslands-drylands

↑ Gambiza, J; Bond, W; Frost, P.G.H; Higgins, S (2000). "SPECIAL SECTION: LAND USE OPTIONS IN DRY TROPICAL WOODLAND ECOSYSTEMS IN ZIMBABWE". Ecological Economics 33 (3): 353–368. doi:10.1016/s0921-8009(00)00145-2.
↑ Abdallah, J. M.; Monela, G. G. (2007). "Overview of Miombo Woodlands in Tanzania". Working Papers of Finnish Research Institute 50: 9–23. http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2007/mwp050-02.pdf.

[1] Gambiza, J; Bond, W; Frost, P.G.H; Higgins, S (2000). "SPECIAL SECTION: LAND USE OPTIONS IN DRY TROPICAL WOODLAND ECOSYSTEMS IN ZIMBABWE". Ecological Economics 33 (3): 353–368. doi:10.1016/s0921-8009(00)00145-2.

[2] Abdallah, J. M.; Monela, G. G. (2007). "Overview of Miombo Woodlands in Tanzania". Working Papers of Finnish Research Institute 50: 9–23. http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2007/mwp050-02.pdf.

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