I-Ostreliya
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| Isiqongo | I-Khanbhera | ||
| Idolobha elikhulu | I-Sidni | ||
| Ulimi | isiNgisi | ||
I-Ostreliya (noma I-Australiya; isiNgisi: Australia) izwe nezwekazi elikhulu lase-Ostreliya. Isiqongo sase-Ostreliya i-Khanbhera (Canberra). Ulimi isiNgisi.
Izilimi zase-Ostreliya[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
- isiNgisi sase-Ostreliya Australian English
- isiPitjantjatjara Pitjantjatjara
- isiWajari Wajarri
- isiGupapuyingu Gupapuyŋu
Umlando[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
I-Ostreliya izuphi letspek izsokul.
Umlando[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Abomdabu base-Australia bakha amaqembu amabili: abantu boMdabu basezweni lase-Australia (kanye neziqhingi ezizungezile ezihlanganisa iTasmania), kanye namaTorres Strait Islanders, okungabantu abahlukile baseMelanesia. Ukuhlaliswa kwabantu kwezwekazi lase-Australia kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwaqala eminyakeni engu-50,000 kuya kwengu-65,000 edlule,[1] ngokufuduka kwabantu ngamabhuloho asemhlabeni kanye nokuwela ulwandle okufushane kusukela kulokho manje okuyiNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.[2] Akuqiniseki ukuthi mangaki amagagasi okuthuthela kwelinye izwe okungenzeka abe nomthelela kulawa madlozi ama-Aboriginal anamuhla ase-Australia.[3] I-Madjedbebe rock shelter e-Arnhem Land ibonwa njengendawo endala ebonisa ukuba khona kwabantu e-Australia.[4] Izinsalela zomuntu ezindala kakhulu ezitholakele izinsalela zeLake Mungo, okubhalwe ukuthi kwaba eminyakeni engaba ngu-41,000 edlule.[5]
Isiko lama-Aboriginal Australian ingelinye lamasiko amadala aqhubekayo eMhlabeni.[6] Ngesikhathi sokuxhumana kwaseYurophu okokuqala, aboMdabu base-Australia babengabazingeli abayinkimbinkimbi abanomnotho nemiphakathi eyahlukene kanye namaqembu ezilimi angaba ngu-250. Okutholwe kwakamuva kwemivubukulo kusikisela ukuthi inani labantu abangu-750,000 belingasimama. AboMdabu base-Australia banesiko elidluliselwa ngomlomo elinezimiso zomoya ezisekelwe ekuhlonipheni izwe kanye nokukholelwa kuSikhathi Samaphupho.[7]
Abantu baseTorres Strait Islander baqala ukuzinza iziqhingi zabo eminyakeni engu-4000 edlule. Ngokwesiko nangolimi oluhlukile kubantu boMdabu basezweni elikhulu, babengabasolwandle futhi babeziphilisa ngokulima ukulima kwezinkathi ezithile zonyaka kanye nemithombo yezixhobo zabo zolwandle nezilwandle.[8]
isixhumanisi sangaphandle[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
- ↑ Nunn, Patrick (2018). The Edge of Memory: Ancient Stories, Oral Tradition and the Post-Glacial World. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-4729-4327-9.
- ↑ Oppenheimer, Stephen (2013). Out of Eden: The Peopling of the World. Little, Brown Book Group. pp. 111–. ISBN 978-1-7803-3753-1.
- ↑ Dorey, Fran. "When did modern humans get to Australia?". Australian Museum.
- ↑ Gilligan, Ian (2018). Climate, Clothing, and Agriculture in Prehistory: Linking Evidence, Causes, and Effects. Cambridge University Press. p. 237. ISBN 978-1-1084-7008-7.
- ↑ Tuniz, Claudio; Gillespie, Richard; Jones, Cheryl (2016). The Bone Readers: Science and Politics in Human Origins Research. Routledge. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-3154-1888-9.
- ↑ "Aboriginal Australians the oldest culture on Earth". Australian Geographic. 18 May 2013. Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
- ↑ Galván, Javier A. (2014). They Do What? A Cultural Encyclopedia of Extraordinary and Exotic Customs from around the World. ABC-CLIO. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-6106-9342-4.
- ↑ Viegas, Jennifer (3 July 2008). "Early Aussie Tattoos Match Rock Art". Discovery News. Archived from the original on 10 July 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2010.