Inkampani esisulu

UmShumanqa osisulu, umShumanqa ophethwe ngasese noma inkampani yangasese, ngumshunanqa onganikezi noma uhwebe ngezabelo emphakathini jikelele ngezindayi zazabelo, kunalokho izabelo zomshumanqa ziyanikelwa, ziphathwe, zihwetshwe, zinanwe sisulu. Endabeni yemishumanqa ovaliwe (closed corporation), kukhona inani elincane labanezabelo nona amalungu omshumanqa. Amabizo ahlobene yilawa: umshumanqa ophethwe sisulu (closely held corporation), umshumanqa ongacashuniwe (unquoted company), nelithi umshumanqa ongekho ohlwini (unlisted company).

Nakuba ingabonakali kunaleyo ehwetshwa sobala, imishumanqa esisulu ibamba iqhaza elikhulu emnothweni womhlaba. Ngowezi-2008, imishumanqa esisulu emikhulu engama-441 eMelika yayidanda (accounted)) imali engaba-US$1,800,000,000,000 ($1.8 yezaca) kwengenayo futhi iqasha abantu abayizigidi ezingu-6.2, ngokombiko we-Forbes.

Ngokuhlukile, yonke imishumanqa okungeyona eyombuso ithathwa ngokuthi imishumanqa esisulu. Lomqondo uhlanganisa kokubili imishumanqa ehwetshwa sobala naleyo ephethwe sisulu, njengoba abatshalimali bayo kungabantu abasemkhakheni osisulu.