Isiqavithi

Isiqavithi siyihlelokusebenza elisetshenziselwa ukuqhuba izingxoxo zokuqavitha kuxhakaxholo ngomqhafazo noma umqafazo-nkulumo, esikhundleni sokuxoxa nomuntu ngokuqondile.^[1]Izinhlelo zesiqavithi, ziklanyelwe ukufefenyeka ngokugculisayo indlela umuntu acondoza ngayo engxoxweni. Iziqavithi zanamuhla eziningi zitholakala kuxhakaxholo futhi zisebenzisa uHlakahlisombulu oluphehlayo ngezinhlelo zalo ezinekhono lokubamba ingxoxo nomsebenzisi zisebenzisa ulimi lwemvelo. Lolo hlobo lweziqavithi zivame ukusebenzisa ukufunda okunzulu kanye nokudludlungwa lolimi lwemvelo. Iziqavithi zibe nesibunge kusuka ngowezi-2020 lapho kuqala ukudlondlobala kohlakahlisombulu, ikakhulu lapho isiqavithi i-ChatGPT siba sematheni, futhi silandelwa ezinye esincintisana nazo ezifana ne-Gemini, iClaude kanye no-Grok. Iziqavithi zohlakahlisombulu ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izinongo zolimi ezinkulu eziyisisekelo, ezifana ne-GPT-4 noma unongo lolimi lwe-Gemini olucolisiselwe ukusetshenziswa ngokukhethekile.

Umkhakha oyinhloko lapho iziqavithi ziqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kakhulu umkhakha wenkonzo yabathengi, okuyiwona ogcwele izilekeleli zoxhakaxholo.^[2]

Umlando

Isivivinyo sikaTuring

Ngowe-1950, isibhalwa sika-Alan Turing esithi "Izinguxa zokucikiza nenhlakahliso" saphakamisa okubizwa ngokuthi Isivivinyo sikaTuring njengombandela wenhlakahliso. Lombandela ocakathe ekhonweni lenhleleliso yesiCikizi lokulingisa umuntu engxoxweni exoxwa nomuntu elotshwa bukhoma futhi ngendlela umuntu ongumahlulelo azohluleka ngayo ukuhlukanisa kahle —esebenzisa isiqikili sengxoxo kuphela — phakathi kwenhleleliso kanye nomuntu.^[3]

Iziqavithi zokuqala

Inhleleliso kaJoseph Weizenbaum ebizwa ELIZA yashicilelwa okokuqala ngowe-1966. UWeizenbaum alashongo ukuthi uELIZA ulumuke ngempela, futhi isingeniso sephepha lakhe sethula uELIZA njengembundane engayindawo.

Ukugidinga kukaELIZA kwakubandakanya ukuhlonza amazwi nemisho engongizosho eyisifako, nesiphumo sezimpendulo ezifanayo noma ezihleleliswe kusengaphambili eziqhubekisela ingxoxo phambili.

Ngowe-1978^[4] to some time after 1983,^[5] umklamo iCYRUS ojolwa nguJanet Kolodner wakha isiqavithi esfefenyeka Cyrus Vance owayengumengamelo waseMelika. Sasisebenzisa ukuhluzulula ngokomongo, futhi siphefukisa isizindamininingo saso mihla yonke ngoku parsing izindaba ezihamba ngocingo enhlangano iUnited Press International. Le nhleleliso yakwazi ukudludlunga izindaba eziphathelene nokwesula esikhundleni kukaMengameli Cyrus Vance ngoApril we-1980, futhi ithimba eliphethe lakha esinye isiqavithi esifefenyeka owangena esikhundleni, uEdmund Muskie.^[6]^[5]

Ngowe-1984, kwakhishwa uhlelo oluxhakizimo lwenhleleliso ebizwa Racter olwalunjengesiqavithi.^[7]

Isiqavithi u-A.L.I.C.E. sakhishwa ngowe- 1995. Lesi siqavothi sisebenzisa ulimi (markup language) olubizwa AIML,^[8] olukhandelwe isifuzangxoxo (conversational agent) futhi sitshenziswa abakhandi abahlukene beziqabitho ezifana no-Alice. U-A L.I.C.E unguhlakahlisombulu olubuthaka olungakwazi ukucubungula. Lusekwe ebuchuleni obufanayo nobuka-ELIZA bokuhlobanisa izifanelo.

Iziqavithi zanamuhla zezinongo zolimi ezinkulu

Iziqavithi zanamuhla ezifana ne-ChatGPT zisekelwe ezinongweni zolimi ezinkulu ezibizwa iziguquzi eziqeqeshiwe eziphehlayo (GPT). Zisekelwe kungqalasizinda yokufunda okunzulu ebizwa Iziguquzi, equkethe izinhleloxhumano zezinzwa mbumbulu.

Amaphathelelo

↑ "What is a chatbot?". techtarget.com. Archived from the original on 2 November 2010. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 30 January 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ "2017 Messenger Bot Landscape, a Public Spreadsheet Gathering 1000+ Messenger Bots". 3 May 2017. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 1 February 2019. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Turing
↑ Kolodner, Janet L. Memory organization for natural language data-base inquiry. Advanced Research Projects Agency, 1978.
1 2 Kolodner, Janet L. (1 October 1983). "Maintaining organization in a dynamic long-term memory" (in en). Cognitive Science 7 (4): 243–280. doi:10.1016/S0364-0213(83)80001-9. ISSN 0364-0213.
↑ Dennett, Daniel C. (2004). "Can Machines Think?". In Teuscher, Christof. Alan Turing: Life and Legacy of a Great Thinker (in i-English). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 295–316. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05642-4_12. ISBN 978-3-662-05642-4.
↑ The Policeman's Beard is Half Constructed Archived 4 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine.. everything2.com. 13 November 1999
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Caldarini-20223

[1] "What is a chatbot?". techtarget.com. Archived from the original on 2 November 2010. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 30 January 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[2] "2017 Messenger Bot Landscape, a Public Spreadsheet Gathering 1000+ Messenger Bots". 3 May 2017. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 1 February 2019. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[Turing-3] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Turing

[4] Kolodner, Janet L. Memory organization for natural language data-base inquiry. Advanced Research Projects Agency, 1978.

[Kolodner-19832-5] 1 2 Kolodner, Janet L. (1 October 1983). "Maintaining organization in a dynamic long-term memory" (in en). Cognitive Science 7 (4): 243–280. doi:10.1016/S0364-0213(83)80001-9. ISSN 0364-0213.

[6] Dennett, Daniel C. (2004). "Can Machines Think?". In Teuscher, Christof. Alan Turing: Life and Legacy of a Great Thinker (in i-English). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 295–316. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05642-4_12. ISBN 978-3-662-05642-4.

[7] The Policeman's Beard is Half Constructed Archived 4 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine.. everything2.com. 13 November 1999

[Caldarini-20223-8] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Caldarini-20223

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