Ohlone mythology
I izinganekwane we Ohlone (Costanoan) American aboMdabu abantu Northern California zihlanganisa ekudalweni izinganekwane kanye nezinye ezilandisayo lasendulo eziqukethe ezakha inkolelo izinhlelo zabo ezingokomoya futhi zefilosofi, ekukhulelweni yabo emhlabeni jikelele.Izinganekwane zabo zichaza izidalwa ze-anthropomorphic ezingaphezu kwemvelo ezinamagama ezinyoni zesifunda nezilwane, ikakhulukazi ukhozi, iCoyote engukhokho wesintu nomoya wobuqili, kanye nomzwilili.
Inganekwane yamaChochenyo (Chocheño) yase- San Francisco Bay Area inomuntu oqinile wesiko leqhawe okuthiwa u-Kaknu, umzukulu ka-coyote, ongumuntu othanda abantu futhi ofana ngokuseduze nefalcon yeperegrine.
Izindaba zokudala[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Rumsen (Coyote, Eagle, Hummingbird)[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Inganekwane eyodwa yokudalwa kwe-Ohlone iqala ngokushabalala kwezwe langaphambili: Lapho libhujiswa, umhlaba wawumbozwe ngokuphelele ngamanzi, ngaphandle kwesiqongo esisodwa, i- Pico Blanco (enyakatho yeBig Sur ) enguqulweni yeRumsien (noma iMount Diablo in the inguqulo ye-northern Ohlone) okwakumi kuyo iCoyote, i-Hummingbird, noKhozi.“Ngesikhathi amanzi ephakama ema ngezinyawo” ukhozi lwabathwala bonke baya eSierra de Gabilin (eduze kwaseFremont) lapho balinda khona “ukuba ehle amanzi” nomhlaba wome.UCoyote uthunywe ukuthi ayophenya athole komile manje. [1]
Ngemva kukazamcolo, ukhozi lwaholela uCoyote entombazaneni enhle ngaphakathi noma emfuleni futhi wamyala ukuthi "uzoba umkakho ukuze abantu baphinde bavuswe."Ukhozi lwanikeza uCoyote umyalelo wokuthi angamkhulelisa kanjani esiswini sakhe.Lo nkosikazi wokuqala wakhulelwa ngokudla izintwala zikaCoyote, kodwa wesaba waqala ukugijima.I-Coyote ayikwazanga ukumncenga noma ukuyinciphisa ijubane, yagijima yaya olwandle neCoyote imjaha yabe isigxumela olwandle yaphenduka izenze noma izimfanzi. [2]
UCoyote washada unkosikazi wesibili futhi kulokhu waba nezingane ezaba ngabantu base-Ohlone. Lena yindlela “abantu abaphinde bavuka ngayo”.I-Coyote yafundisa isintu ubuciko bokuphila.
Rumsen (Ukhozi noKlebe)[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Enye inganekwane yendalo iqala ngokuthi umhlaba ugcwele amanzi. Ukhozi lutshela uKlebe ukuthi angene emanzini kazamcolo ukuze athole umhlaba. Uklebe uyatshuza kodwa uyehluleka ukuthola umhlaba ngosuku lokuqala. Aphinde azame ngakusasa, kulokhu ebambe uphaphe oluhlwithwe phakathi kwekhanda loKhozi. Uphaphe lukhula lube lude futhi lusiza uKlebe ukuthi lufinyelele umhlabathi othile ngaphansi kwamanzi. Amanzi agcina ebohlile. [3]
Chochenyo (Coyote kanye nomzukulu Kaknu)[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izinganekwane zamaChochenyo zichaza "Abantu Bokuqala" noma "Abantu Bakuqala" njengezidalwa ze-anthropomorphic ezingaphezu kwemvelo ezinamagama ezinyoni zesifunda nezilwane.Ezinganekwaneni ezihlukene ezirekhodiwe, i-Coyote yayingumuntu ophakeme kakhulu:
"I-Coyote 'yayimanzi', lowo owayala. WayenguNkulunkulu wethu, uNkulunkulu womhlaba wonke.”
UCoyote wayengumkhulu, umngane kanye nomeluleki weqhawe lenganekwane likaChochenyo, iKaknu.U_-Kaknu wayengesinye isidalwa esingokwemvelo, esichazwa njengenyoni edla ezinye, esicishe sifane kakhulu ne- peregrine falcon . [4]
Ukwenza umhlaba uphephe[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Chochenyo (Kaknu fights Body of Stone)[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
"Ekugcineni lapho uKaknu engasafuni ukulwa namuntu, waphenduka ijuba wangena emhlabeni".U-Kaknu wagxumela emhlabeni ngokugoqa amaphiko akhe, wahamba wayobhekana "noMzimba Wetshe" obizwa ngokuthi uWiwe.Umzimba Wetshe wawuyinkosi engaphansi komhlaba, echazwa njengendoda enomzimba wamatshe, eyayiphakela abantu izinceku zayo.Indawo yakhe yayihlakazeke ngamathambo.I-Body of Stone yabamba abaningi "abantu" bakaKaknu ekuthunjweni futhi basiza u-Kaknu empini enkulu.Ngenkathi uKaknu edubula uMzimba Wetshe entanyeni nasenkabeni ngayo yonke imicibisholo yakhe, uMzimba Wetshe wafa futhi waqhuma waba yizicucu, futhi waba wonke amadwala ahlakazeke emhlabeni wonke.I-Kaknu yenza ukuthula nabantu kulo mshoshaphansi owake waba nobutha. [5]
Izindaba zokufa nangemva kokufa[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Chochenyo (Land of the Dead)[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Ngokusho kwabakwaChochenyo ukufa kwadalwa nguCoyote ukuze abantu bathole ukudla okwanele kodwa lokhu kwakusho."UKaknu kwadingeka athathe umgwaqo oya ezweni labafileyo... abantu balandele isibonelo sakhe." [4]
Ngokusho kwamaChochenyo, iZwe Labafileyo lalinomgwaqo owodwa kuphela futhi indoda eyamukela imimoya engenayo.Kukhona igwebu elimhlophe njengolwandle, ngaphambi kwalokhu kukhona izingcezu ezimbili zentuthu nezinkuni ezivuthayo namatshe amabili ayizigodi, elinye ligcwele amanzi, elinye linoshukela, lapho imimoya ingaphuza futhi idle, ngaphambi kokuba ingene egwebu.Izinkuni ezivuthayo ziyisixwayiso, uhlobo lwesixwayiso olungachazwanga. [6]
Umongo[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Lezi zinganekwane ziye zabizwa ngokuthi izingcezu zezindaba ezingaphelele ekudalweni komhlaba. Babelana ngezinto ezithile nabantu abangomakhelwane eCentral naseNyakatho yeCalifornia, njengezinganekwane zeMiwok .Abantu baseBay Miwok nabo babekholelwa ukuthi umhlaba waqala ngamanzi azungeze intaba ende kunazo zonke esifundeni, iMount Diablo.Izinganekwane ze-Ohlone ziqukethe ukufana okuningi kwezinganekwane zaseYokuts kanye ne- cosmogony . [7]
Izinkomba[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izingcaphuno[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
- ↑ Rumsen narratives recorded by Alfred L. Kroeber in the 1902. Printed by Kroeber, 1907 full text; Kroeber 1925, pages 472-473 summary; Bean pages 124-127 summary.
- ↑ Kroeber, 1907 full text; Bean pages 124-127 summary.
- ↑ Rumsen narratives of both Isabelle Meadows and Manuel Onesimo, as recorded by John P. Harrington in the 1920s; Bean, 1994, p. 130 summary.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Origin of Death, Chochenyo narrative as recorded by John P. Harrington in the 1920s; Bean, 1994, p. 105-106, 115-116.
- ↑ Making the World Safe, Chochenyo narrative as recorded by John P. Harrington in the 1920s; Bean, 1994, p. 107-111.
- ↑ Land of the Death, Chochenyo narrative as recorded by John P. Harrington in the 1920s; Bean, 1994, p. 118.
- ↑ Kroeber, 1925, page 472.