UDWENDWE
UDwendwe (isiZulu), uMgcagco (isiBhaca), uMchanguzo (IsiHlubi), Umsindo (IsiLala) noma lokhu okwaziwa ngabaningi ngokuthi umshado esizulwini. Lona kungumsebenzi omkhulu wokulanda umlobokazi (umakoti) kwabo owenziwa ikhetho (abakamkhenyana). Umehluko phakathi komshado nodwendwe ukuthi udwendwe lwenzeka esigcawini kanti umshado wenzelwa esontweni noma ehholo. Lo mcimbi uvame ukuthatha izinsuku ezimbili. Ngokosiko lwesiZulu lo mcimbi uhlukene izigaba eziningi. Isigaba nesigaba sibalulekile ngoba esiZulwini kusuke kungahlanganiswa kuphela laba abaphila ngokwenyama kodwa konke okusuke kwenzekwa kusuke kubikelwa nasebelele, abanikazi bekhaya. Izigaba ezibalulekile odwendweni ilezi: isigaba sokuqala kulapha khona insizwa isibone intombi ebese ithumela abakhongi ukuthi beyokokha umlilo okube sekulandelwa ukulobola intombi leyo esiku isiyibonile. Ngemuva kokulobola insizwa ibe isihambisa izibizo ezisuke zibizwe ekhweni layo bese kulandela isigaba sokuthi ikhehle umkayo esuke isimlobolile, bese abasekhweni begqiba amasondo ngomcimbi owaziwa ngokuthi ingqibamasondo noma umbondo, ebese kuba ukucimela nokugonqa nomncamiso kamlobokazi, kuze isigaba sokulandwa kodwendwe, isigaba sokukhishwa komntwana, isigaba sokufika kodwendwe ekhaya, isigaba somthimba ezibukweni noma sihlahleni, isigaba sokuvunula komntwana ezibukweni, isigaba sokukhuphuka kodwendwe ezibukweni, isigaba sokubikwa kontwana zinsizwa, isigaba sokubikwa komntwana ngonina, isigaba sokukhuphuka komthimba wonke, ukukhonjwa kwesigcawu, esigcawini (umthimba esigcawini, inkondlo yomntwana, ukukhulekelwa komntwana nguyise, ukuvumisa, ukushanela inkundla, ikhetho esigcawini, ukuvunula kwekhetho, ukukhethela kwekhetho, ukukhuleka kwamakhehla, isiphetho sekhetho esigcawini, ukuphuma esigcawini, umgangela), isigaba sokwaba, isigaba sokuqholiswa, isigaba sokuthelwa ngenyongo, isigaba sokukhipha izithebe.
Ukulobola
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngokuvamile, isinyathelo sokuqala esokuba umfana azise uyise ukuthi usethole intombi anesifiso sokuba ayenze umlobokazi. Umfana wayengabiki kuyise ngokuqondile kodwa wayekwenza lokho esebenzisa unina, umalume, noma ezinye izihlobo ayekholelwa ukuthi zazibonisa ubuhlakani ekukhulumeni noyise njengenhloko yekhaya.[1] Ubaba womfana ube esecela indoda ehlonishwayo ukuthi iye kubo wentombi iyokokha iyocela isihlobo esihle.[2] Le ndoda ethunyelwa ukuba iyobamba izingxoxo zokwakha ubuhlobo obuhle ibizwa ngokuthi umkhongi. Umkhongi ngokwesiko lesiZulu usebenza njengomxhumanisi phakathi kwemindeni yomibili; owakwamfana nowakwamlobokazi. Ngokosiko uma sekusele usuku ukuthi umkhongi (uMkhongi nazohamba nabo) baphume baye kwamlobokazi, ubaba womfana wayehlaba imbuzi abikele izinyanya zomuzi acele nezinhlanhla ukuthi bahambe kahle abakhongi. Lokhu kwakwenzelwa ukucela amadlozi ukuba enze uhambo nezingxoxo zibe impumelelo. Ngesikhathi sakudala kwakuphiswa notshwala besizulu bese kunikezwa laba abahambayo njengomncamo wabo wendlela.[3] Ezinsukwini zakudala, kwakunenzuzo lapho babehamba khona amabanga amade. NgesiZulu, uma abakhongi behamba beya kubo kamlobokazi kuthiwa bayo 'kokha umlilo’.[4] Ukuqoma kwentombi kusho ukokheleka kothando olusuke selufuna ukuyocetshwa kubazali bentombi ngezinkomo. Abakhongi bazofika bazoceba undodana basho ukuthi amehlo endodana yabo asebone indodakazi yalapha ekhaya ayithanda ngakho ke ngalezinkomo azocela ukwakha ubuhlobo, abakhongi bazibale zonke izinkomo.[5]
Izibizo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Isigaba esilandela uma umkhwenyana eseqedile ukulobola, abasekhweni baletha uhla lwezicelo zabo abalunika umkhongi. NgesiZulu zonke izinkomo zamalobolo ziba yisibaya somnumzane yize kuzona izinkomo kuba khona nekamama. Izibizo kusuke kuzimpahla zikamama nomndeni wakhe abasuke bezicela kumkhwenyana. Lezo mpahla ziyingxenye yelobolo ziya ngqo kuMama kamlobokazi. Nakuzona-ke izimpahla zikamama kuyaba khona okukaBaba njengoba nasezinkomeni kuba khona nekamama. Kubaba wengoduso kuvame ukuba ijazi, isigqoko umkhonto, isambulela nebhayisikili.[6] Kumama noma komama kuvame ukuba amatshalo, amaduku asekhanda amaphinifa.[7] Akuzona izibizo lingekho ibhodwe elikhulu elimlenze mithathu lesiZulu. Izalukazi zengoduso ngemuva kokuba abakhongi sebedlile ziye zinikwe ithuba zizocela ugwayi wamakhala. Ukwembesa isenzo, ayikho into esiZulwini okuthiwa uMembeso. Lokhu kusuke kuzibiso zikamama kamlobokazi asuke ezibiza kumkhwenyana.
Umkhehlo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Umkhehlo umsebenzi owenzelwa umlobokazi uma esekhonjiwe insizwa yamlobola yahambisa nezibizo kubo. lo mcimbi usuke uwusiko lokukhipha intombi ebuntombini uyifaka ebugodusini ingakho ngemuva kwalomcimbi intombi isuke isibizwa ngokuthi ingoduso.[1] Kulo mcimbi akagonqi umlobokazi uma ezokhehla kepha uyahlonipha ngokuthi acabeke emahlombe. Umkhehlo wenziwa ngenkomo ngoba kumele umlobokazi afake umhlwehlwe, achonywe nenyongo enhloko bese inhloko uhuqwa ngensoyi phezulu.[1] Umkhehlo uqala endlini kuqala ngokuthi kumbeswe umlobokazi, embeswa abasemzini, emveni kwalokho kushaywa indishi. Ukushaywa kwendishi kusho umdlalo wemali owenzelwa ukuthi umlobokazi abenemali eyanele ukuzilungiselela udwendwe lakhe.[8] Ngemuva kwalo mdlalo wendishi izinsizwa zihlala phansi zivume ingoma zikhishelwe utshwala nokudla. umlobokazi basuke bemembesa abasemzini isidwaba kanye nenhloko beseke uyise kuba umuntu wokuqala ukumchoma imali esesendlini ebese emnika Umkhonto. Lo mkhonto lo ophathwa umlobokazi usuke ezowuphatha uma eseyogana emzini, bese ephumela ebaleni, beseke izintombi uma esephumela ngaphandle zihuba amahubo alungele.
Izintombi zibhinca izidwaba ukusingatha umlobokazi, izintombi ziyashintshana ngokuya ezihlotsheni eziyizibukeli zihambisa umkhonto. Zona-ke izihlobo zilethe izipho noma imali noma izingubo zokulala namacansi. Uma sekuzoza abakwamkhwenyana kukhishwa yonke imali ebese ifakiwe eyabakhwenyana izocaca yodwa. Umcimbi uvalwa ngokuthi izintombi zishaye ingoma ngayinye ngayinye. Ingoduso le isizohlale iyifakile inhloko yayo nomhlonipho wayo emahlombe kuze kufike usuku lo dwendwe. Ngenxa yokugwema izindleko zomgqigqo wemicimbi eminingi izibizo seziyaye zibhanqwe nomkhehlo wengoduso. Umkhehlo umcimbi oqondene ngqo nengoduso. Kufika izinsizwa zakamkhwenyana zizokupha umlobokazi izipho neziyalo ezinqala zasemendweni. Emkhehlweni yilapho kumbathiswa khona umlobokazi,njengokuthi athengelwe izingubo neduku kumbe isigqoko. Lezompahla ziwuphawu lokuthi angabe esagqokisa okwentombi akabe nophawu lobulokazana. EsiZulwini umkhehlo okamlobokazi, izibizo ezikamama, izinkomo ezikababa.[5]
Ingqibamasondo/umbondo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ingqibamasondo/Umbondo umcimbi wokuhambisa ukudla okunhlobonhlobo emzini lapho intombi izoganela khona. Lokhu kudla kuthwalwa amantombazane aphelezele ingoduso iye emzini. Lo mcimbi waziwa ngokuthi ingqibamasondo ngoba ingoduso isuke isigqiba izinyawo zezinkomo esuke ilotsholwe ngazo. Ingoduso ihambisa ukudla okuningi okunhlobonhlobo okungabalwa amafutha okupheka, impuphu, ushukela, amathanga, umqombothi, amakhekhe, amatiye, izithelo, imifino, amazambane, ukudla kwesintu okunjengamadumbe, amabhece, amaselwa, ubhatata, ummbila, kanye nezitsha zokudla azophakela kuzo abantu basemzini. Emandulo kwakuba nezinkezo, izinkamba, imbenge, kanye nemishanelo ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi izinto zajika manje sekwenziwa ngendlela yesimanje. Emandulo uma izinsuku sezisondele yayivuka ekuseni intombi iphelekezelwa odadewabo ihambe iye emzini iyotheza inqwaba yezinkuni izibeke egcekeni bese zakha igoqo, ezinye izinyanda bafika nazo ngelanga lombondo.[6] Ingoduso igqoka isidwaba esuke ihloniphiswe ngaso abakhongi bayo ukutshengisa isigaba esengene kuso. Izintombi zihlobe ngokwesintu zihlabelele zisine ingoma zithwala umbondo emakhanda zingene zilandelana kukikize omama bejabulela ukungena kukamalokazana ekhaya nombondo.[9] Umama noma umamezala walapho kuyiswe khona umbondo uyakuhlukanisa ukudla aphe omakhalwane nezihlobo babonge bajabule. Ingqibamasondo kusuke kuyindlela yokukhombisa ukuthi bafikile abakhongi bavunywa lapho kade beyocela khona nokuthi bayabonga abomndeni wakubo wengoduso.
Ukucimela, ukugonqa noma ukugoya nomncamo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukucimela
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukucimela yisiko lokuhambela izihlobo lapho intombi isizogana. Kulesi sigaba ihamba ivalelisa bese beyipha izipho eziningi. Lezi zimpahla ezithola icimela yayizisebenzisa emzini ezinye igezise ngazo.[10] Usiko lokucimela intombi yenzelwa kwabo uyise kanye nabasekhabonina. Umsebenzi wokuqala uba sekhabonina komalume bayo, ekhabonina ifike ilale ukuze izohlatshiswa. Umsebenzi wokuqala uba sekhabonina koninalume bayo, ekhabonina ifike ilale ukuze izohlatshiswa. Ihlatshiswa imbuzi kumele ithathe inyongo yaleyombuzi ibuyele nayo kubo kwayo kuyise. Uma oninalume bayo benamandla bangayihlabisa bonke izimbuzi ebese icela kubo ukuthi akuhlatshwe noma ezimbili ezinye ahambe nazo ziphila ayozifuya kwakhe lapha ayogana khona bese kuthi omalume bamshayele uphawu umshana wabo. Oninalumekazi bona bamcimelisa ngamavovo, amacansi encema, izinkamba, izicephu nezinye izipho eziningi. Ngemuva kwalokho intombi ibe isibuyela kuboke manje iyoqhubeka nokucimela kwasekhaya kubo kokugcina.[6] Uma ifika kubo kuqala kobaba abancane bayo intombi bese kulandela obaba omkhulu bayo intombi bayihlabise, lapha kusuke sekukhona nomakhelwane bakubo ukuzobungaza intombi bayiphe izipho ngaphambi kokuba iqale igonqe.
Umgonqo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngokuvamile kuthi kuqalwa kugaywa utshwala intombi isuke isigonqile ngaphambi kokuthi balandwe udwendwe aye esigcawini eyogidela umyeni wakhe kumele agonqe njengomfazi ofelwe indoda akumelanga abonakale egcogcoma ebaleni noma aphume ngaphandle komuzi ngaphandle uma kunesimo esimphoqayo ukuthi aphume ngoba uma engabonakala egcaluza lokho kwenza izulu likhwishe bese kuthi udwendwe lwakhe lungabiluhle.[1] Esinye isizathu sokugonqa ukuvikeleka kubathakathi ukuthi angahabuli aphinde eqiswe izichitho, empeleni ekugonqeni usuke eqiniswa nokuqiniswa ngemithi nangezintelezi aphinde alulekwe izalukazi. Intombi emgonqweni ihlaliswa izintombi ezintanganye nayo. Ngosuku lokuphuma kwakhe emgonqweni uyise umkhunga ngezimbuzi naye laphoke izinyongo zisuke sezigcwele ikhanda.[1]
Ngosuku lokugcina ngaphambi kokuba luphume udwendwe kungena unina azomgonqisa uzobe eseqhubeka egonqa yedwa uma isiphumile ingane unina wengane akayi esigcawini usala ekhaya ayigonqele njengomuntu osefile esiswini sakhe. Ngosuku olandulela olokuthi aphume ubanjiswa insika yendlu yakwabo noma yakubo ephakathi nendawo, kuthiwe “amandla okubhekana nekusasa lakho la oyakhona uzowathola kulensika” kuyiso lesi sikhathi lapha kukhethwa osuke ezomupha ukudla, noyohamba naye ayomupha naphambili ngesikhathi esina, kothi mhla sekuvovwa utshwala ngapha kwamakoti bese iwa inkomo yokuncama umntwana.[1]
Umncamo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngosuku olandulela ukuhamba kwentombi iyogana, ubaba womntwana uhlaba inkomo lapha esuke eyincamisa, ethi ayibuse okokugcina, izitike ngenyama ivalelisa kubo.[6] Ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa kwenkomo, kubikwa kuqala kwabaphansi ngembuzi, iyona ecelela umntwana indlela nenkambo enhle nomendo omuhle.[11] Inkomo ihlinzwa iphele kodwa idliwa ngelanga elilandelayo. Izinduna zenkosi ziyaphelela njengoba zisuke zimenyiwe futhi zacelwa ukubheka udwendwe. Ngelanga lelo lomncamo, amakhosikazi akhethiwe ukuba ayosinisa umntwana aphuma nokudla kwakhe ayomlungisela isikhundla esigcawini phela ngeke akudle ukudla kwasemzini ngelanga lodwendwe. Isitho azosidla phambili esiphethwe ilamakhosikazi, insonyama yakwesokudla kwesinye isikhathi kuze kwengezwe ngomhlubulo wakusona isandla sokudla wenkomo leyo yakhe yokuncama.[1]
Ukulandwa koDwendwe
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Udwendwe aluzifikeli ekhaya kubo kamfana kepha lukhishwa ngumkhongi kwamlobokazi. Lokhu kuba ngenye yemisebenzi emqoka esuke ibheke ekuphetheni imbenge. Ngokosiko umkhongi kumele esuke emini kwamkhwenyana ukuze afike lithambeme noma kuhwalele emzini. Umkhongi usuke ephelekezelwa umkhongi omncane kanye nedlanzana lezintombi nezinsizwa. Umkhongi usuke ebhekeke ukuthi kube nguye othwala umgogodla kamlobokazi okuyiwona osuke uphethe izinsila zomntwana. NgokukaMsimango uma umkhongi esezolanda udwendwe ungena ahlale ngasemnyango ahlaliswe ecansini bese enikwa inyama yakhe yensonyama esikwe kuleyo kamlobokazi yokumncamisa.[12] Ukuhlala komkhongi ngasemnyango kukhomba ukuthi akasahleli ulobole uqedile uzolanda lona amlobole manje. Umthimba uyambiwa ngaphambi kokuba uphume. Udwendwe luze luphume ngomnyama kuyenzeka luphume phakathi kwamabili. Kokunye luphume ukukhala kwezinkukhu zokuqala.[1] Umntwana uvunuliswa endlini enkulu lapho asuke egonqele khona nalapho ezophumela khona. NgokukaMsimang umntwana uvunuliswa uma sekuthambama ilanga evunuliswa nguyise.[12] Umntwana uvunuliswa uyise phambi kofakazi okungaba ngoyise abancane noma acele indodana yakhe endala ukuba imelekelele ukuvunulisa umntwana.[12]
Ukukhishwa komntwana
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Umsebenzi onzima lona obhekene noyise womntwana. Isikhathi lesi esisuke sinzima nakuye umntwana ngoba usuke esephuma uphumo kwabo. Uphuma nje umntwana endlini basuke sebezinkumbi abantu ngaphandle behuba. Abaningi abafisi ukuwubona lo mzuzu ngoba usuke ugcwele umunyu kulaba abasuke besondelene naye umntwana sebazi ukuthi usehamba ungohamba lapha ekhaya.[13] Kuya ngokuthi kukude kangakanani lapho umntwana eyokwendela khona kodwa udwendwe luphuma ngesikabhadakazi. Ngalesi sikhathi zonke izinkumbi zabantu ezisuke zizobungaza zisuke zihuba. Ngesibindi asuke esizuza kuzalo kanye nawo wonke umphakathi osuke uzobabungaza, uyise womntwana uyamkhipha umntanakhe. Umkhipha nje ugubezele ngesiphuku esiwuphawu lwesikhumba senkomo yokumphelekezela okokugcina. Emihleni yanamuhla usuke embozwe ngengubo noma itshalo ukuze aphume ukuphuma njengongasekho.[12] Okuphawulekayo ukuthi uyise uma emkhipha umntwana wakhe usuke embambe ngesandla sobunxele esandleni sokudla. Ngamanye amazwi uyise uba sesandleni sokunene somntwana bese umntwana abe kwesokhohlo kuyise. Lesi sandla sibalulekile ngoba sisuke sineziphandla zonke eziphathelene nalomkhosi.[1] Emnyango wendlu kuphuma uyise kuqala ebambe yena umntwana ngengalo. Uma uyise engasekho ukhishwa ngabafowabo bakayise. Uma noyise bengasekho umntwana ukhishwa ngumfowabo noma ngabe mncane uma emncane kakhulu engakhishwa uninalume wakhe ekhaya. Ngokosiko unina womntwana akayiganisi indodakazi yakhe. Unina womntwana usala ekhaya uma luphuma udwendwe.[14] Unina usala endlini lapha kade kugoye khona umntwana ahlale phezu kwenkatha yomndeni leyo umntwana kade ehleli phezu kwayo ngenhloso yokuba imqinise.
Ukufika kodwendwe ekhaya kamkhwenyana
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Okubalulekile ukuba kucaciswe ukuthi udwendwe lungena izikhawu ezahlukene emzini. Udwendwe landulelwa ngamakhosikazi angonina bomntwana abasuke beyomsinisa emzini.[12] Onina bomntwana balanywa ilona udwendwe olusuke luhamba nomntwana. Ngakusasa ekuseni bese kugcina oyise bomntwana kanye nabo bonke abadala basemzini abazoganisa. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi onina bomntwana kabafiki emini emzini kepha bafika sekuhwalele. Ibona abasuke bephethe ukudla komntwana futhi bezolungisa nesikhundla somntwana. Udwendwe lufika kwesikabhadakazi lufika nje onina bontwana sebelulungisele konke phambili. Udwendwe lufika nomkhongi osuke ekade eyolukhipha emzini elulethe ekhweni. Udwendwe lufika emzini seluhlangene seluthule luthe du. Lusuke luholwa abesilisa phambili umntwana sebemuvalele phakathi bemusithe ngamahawu behuba amahubo bekhuza neziqubulo. Udwendwe luthi uma sebezongena emasangweni asekhweni bese umntwana engena ngehubo lakubo noma inkondlo aziqambele yona. Umntwana ngehubo noma inkondlo usuke ezikhulekela ezidalweni zakubo nezasemzini. Ngalelihubo umthimba usuke usubika ezidalweni ukuthi sesifikile lapha sibabele khona ngoba usuke umkhiphe ngalo nakubo umntwana. Umthimba usuke uvinjiwe esangweni kube kwenzeka konke lokhu ngoba kusuke kumele uvule isango ngemvulasango.[13] Iqiniso lithi noma sebeyikhiphile imvulasango kodwa kabangeni bengangenisiwe. Udwendwe lwemukelwa ngumkhongi egameni lomndeni ngokukhombisa ngesitho esithile. Emandulo, udwendwe beluvame ukwamukelwa ngembuzi. Ezikhathini zamanje kuvame ukuthi umkhongi akhiphe imali. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuba nezinto eziningi ezenziwayo phakathi komthimba nekhetho ezikhulunywa ngezenzo okusuke kuxhunyaniswa ukucula ngoba inhloso yomthimba kusuke kuwukungenisa umntwana endlini. Kuphinde kube nokushintshana kwezipho phakathi komthimba nekhetho. Okusuke kuyinhlosongqangi yokuqophisana phakathi kwekhetho nomthimba ukunikeza umntwana ithuba lokuthi angene endlini.[12]
Esihlahleni noma ezibukweni
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Umthimba uthi mase ulandiwe uhlala esihlahlani kanye nayo yonke imithwalo abafike nayo. Umthimba uhlala lapha ezibukweni bayoze basuke esihlahleni sebeya esigcawini uma sesikhonjiwe.[15] Umntwana ungena emzini ngomnyama aphinde aphume ngomnyama eseya ezibukweni noma esihlahleni.[12] Ngokosiko akumele umntwana kuze kuphume ilanga esemagcekeni asemzini. Umntwana uphuma nezimpelesi nonina ngesinyelele ngentathakusa yosuku lo dwendwe. Ngokosiko umthimba uyaye umlandele ngemuva, umfice esegoyile esikhundleni ezibukweni. Lapha ezibukweni umlobokazi uhlala nebhokisi lakhe.
Ukuvunula komntwana esihlahleni
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Umntwana nakhona esihlahleni uvunuliswa nguyise. Iqiniso lithi nakuba esuke emuvunulisile ngesikhathi emukhipha ekhaya kodwa uma esephumile kubo uyayikhumula imvunulo kusale isidwaba kuphela azongena ngaso emzini. Akakwazi ukungena engabhisincile lapho eyokwendela khona. Umntwana kuhle kugqame ukuthi uvunuliswa uyise hhayi ngonina njengoba sekwenzeka.[12] Ngokuvamile imvunulo kamlobokazi kuba isidwaba senkomo, imbatha elimbathwa emahlombe inhloko noma isicholo. Okokuhloba kuya ngezigodi kwezinye uhloba ngobuhlalu obunye abuqgize emadolweni nasezihlakaleni kwezinye uhloba ngamashoba. Umlobokazi wemboza ubuso ngemvakazi uyoze ayikhishwe yibo abasemzini.
Ukukhuphuka kodwendwe ezibukweni
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Udwendwe lukhuphuka selithambeme ngokwesiko ngoba kusuke kuyisikhathi amathunzi asewuka. Uma isithunzi siqala sisuka ezinyaweni, umkhongi wehlisa imbiza ayise ezibukweni. Le mbiza iba wuphawu lokuthi sekuyiso isikhathi sokuthi udwendwe lungakhuphuka. Le mbiza ilethwa amantombazane ehamba naye umkhongi.[12] Ngisho umkhongi engasakhulumanga lutho, umthimba usuke sewazi ukuthi mase kufike lembiza ingcabhayi isele ngakubo. [12]
Isiphetho
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Kubalulekile ukubalula ukuthi udwendwe alupheli lapha kepha kusuke kusanezigaba ezilandelayo eziphelelisa udwendwe lesizulu. Ngemuka kwesigaba esingenhla kusuke kuzolandela isigaba isigaba sokubikwa kontwana zinsizwa, isigaba sokubikwa komntwana ngonina, ukukhuphuka komthimba wonke, ukukhonjwa kwesigcawu, esigcawini (umthimba esigcawini, inkondlo yomntwana, ukukhulekelwa komntwana nguyise, ukuvumisa, ukushanela inkundla, ikhetho esigcawini, ukuvunula kwekhetho, ukukhethela kwekhetho, ukukhuleka kwamakhehla, isiphetho sekhetho esigcawini, ukuphuma esigcawini, umgangela), isigaba sokwaba, isigaba sokuqholiswa, isigaba sokuthelwa ngenyongo, isigaba sokukhipha izithebe. Umlobokazi usala nozomhlalisa izinsukwana baze baqede ukugaya utshwala. Ukukhipha izithembe kwenziwa uma umlobokazi esececisa. Laphoke usuke esekhipha izinkamba izinqgoko kanye nobheseni bomama. Emvakwalokho ube esesiwa exhibeni lapho azophekela khona umndeni.
Imithombo yolwazi
[hlela | Hlela umthombo][[Category:
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Khumalo, Z. L. M. (1997). Ucwaningo olunzulu ngodwendwe lomdabu (Doctoral dissertation, University of Natal), p. 142.
- ↑ M.C. Dube: The Tourism Potential of Zululand North of the Tugela River with special reference to Zulu culture and history (M.A. Dissertation, University of Zululand, 2011), pp. 22-23.
- ↑ R.C. Samuelson: Long Long Ago, p. 321.
- ↑ https://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za/bitstreams/e0dcc8db-f789-4089-aa9d-4018b7c9894f/download
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 https://x.com/MabuthoDubazana/status/1373326966552719366
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Zibani, A. N. (2002). Zulu cultural traditions: a draw card for tourism in KwaZulu Natal with special reference to the Lebombo spatial development initiative (Doctoral dissertation, University of Zululand), pp.86-87.
- ↑ Mnguni, M. E. (2006). An investigation into the commercial and the Zulu traditional modes of slaughtering, butchering, culinary properties and service with special reference to socio-cultural ritual behaviors in KwaZulu-Natal (Doctoral dissertation, DUT), pp.152-153.
- ↑ https://x.com/ZuluSweG/status/1591540246256263176?lang=en
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/ubhabhakazi/posts/umbondo-ngokwesiko-lamazulu-intombazane-uma-isiganile-noma-ilotsholiwe-ihambisa-/3819693141417480/
- ↑ C.L.S. Nyembezi and O.E.H.M. Nxumalo: Inqolobane Yesizwe, p. 118.
- ↑ https://www.ulwaziprogramme.org/umncamo/
- ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 C.T. Msimang: Kusadliwa ngoludala, p. 283.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Krige, E. J. (1965). The social system of the Zulus, p. 138.
- ↑ Bryant, A. T. (1949). The Zulu people: As they were before the white man came, p. 544.
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/ubhabhakazi/posts/umgcagco-noma-udwendwe-uyini-umgcagco-umgcagco-umcimbi-owenziwa-uma-intombazane-/3813328802053914/