UKyriakos Mitsotakis
UKyriakos Mitsotakis (owazalwa ngo-4 Mashi 1968) usopolitiki ongumGreki kanye nesikhulumi somphakathi osebenze njengondunankulu waseGreece kusukela ngo-2019. neRiphabhulikhi yaseTurkey kanye nokucindezelwa kobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 ezweni, kodwa ukugxekwa kwezinyathelo zokuqiniswa ngesikhathi ebusa, ukungakwazi ukumisa ukwehla kwamandla emali kulandela ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine kanye nesihlava sokusebenzisa ucingo ngocingo ngo-2022. Ezinye izingqinamba kuye Ukubusa kwavela ezehlakalweni ezinjengokuphahlazeka kwesitimela eTempi ngomhla ka-1 Mashi 2023 okwabulala wonke umuntu owayesesikebheni futhi kwaletha imibhikisho esabalele nokugxekwa kuhulumeni kaMitsotakis. Kodwa-ke, umnotho waseGreece kanye ne-GDP kukhushulwe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukhetho lwakhe ngo-2019 lwafika ngasekupheleni kweNkathazo Yezomnotho YamaGreki eyafaka izwe eminyakeni eyishumi yezingxabano nobumpofu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwe nokuwohloka komnotho kwe-COVID-19 okuthinte kakhulu umnotho, okubaluleke kakhulu kwezokuvakasha, okuwumthombo omkhulu wemali yezwe futhi kwagcina ukukhula okuqinile manje osekuchazwa njengokunye kwezinkulu kakhulu eYurophu.
Ngemuva Ukhetho lwesishayamthetho saseGreece ngoMeyi 2023 lapho kungekho khona iqembu elazuza iningi futhi akukho uhulumeni wobumbano owakhiwa yinoma yiliphi lamaqembu afanele ukwenza kanjalo, uMitsotakis wabiza okunye ukhetho olusheshayo NgoJune Ngo-24 Meyi 2023, njengoba kudingekile kumthethosisekelo waseGreece, Umongameli UKaterina Sakellaropoulou wamisa U-Ioannis Sarmas ukuba abe undunankulu wesikhashana. Ngemva kwenyanga waphinde wahola iqembu lakhe ukuba libe neningi okhethweni lwesishayamthetho saseGreece ngoJuni 2023 futhi wafungelwa njengondunankulu ethola umyalo wokwakha uhulumeni nguMongameli.
Uthathe izintambo eqenjini le-New Democracy ngo-2016 futhi wehlula undunankulu owayekhona u-Alexis Tsipras okhethweni lukazwelonke lwango-2019 ukuze athole uhulumeni onamandla amakhulu, ehlula imbangi yakhe ngamalengiso. Ngo-2023 wawina kokubili umzuliswano wokuqala nowesibili wokhetho ngesikhulu esiphezulu esinamandla okwanele ukuthi akhe ikhabhinethi yesibili, ehlula uTsipras neqembu lakhe iSYRIZA ngama-23%.
Uyise, uConstantine Mitsotakis (1918-2017), wayengundunankulu weRiphabhulikhi kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-1993. UKyriakos noConstantine babuyela eGreece ngemva kombuso wobushiqela wezempi wango-1967-1974 kanti owake wafunda e-Harvard naseSanford Universities.
UKyriakos Mitsotakis wazalelwa I-Athens ngo-4 March 1968, indodana UMarika (ozalwa nguGiannoukou) futhi owayengUndunankulu waseGrisi futhi engumongameli weNew Democracy UKonstantinos Mitsotakis. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwakhe, umndeni wakhe wawuboshiwe endlini yi-junta yezempi yaseGrisi eyayimemezele uyise ukuthi ungumuntu ongathandeki futhi yamvalela ejele ngobusuku bokugumbuqelwa. Ngo-1968, lapho enezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, umndeni wabalekela I-Turkey ngosizo lukaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseTurkey u-İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil Ngemva kwesikhashana, basuka eTurkey baya eParis futhi balinda kwaze kwaba ngu-1974 ukuze babuyele eGreece ngemuva kokubuyiselwa kombuso wentando yeningi. UMitsotakis wachaza ngokuphikisana izinyanga zokuqala eziyisithupha zokuphila kwakhe njengokuboshwa kwezombusazwe.
UNdunankulu waseGrisi
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I-New Democracy yanqoba okhethweni lwesishayamthetho luka-2019, yathola amavoti angu-39.85% futhi yathola izihlalo ezingu-158 IPhalamende laseHellenic
NgoJulayi 8, 2019, uMongameli waseGreece UProkopis Pavlopoulos wamukela ukuhoxa kukaTsipras futhi wabeka uMitsotakis ukwakha uhulumeni omusha. UMitsotakis wafungelwa njengondunankulu ngosuku olufanayo. NgoJulayi 9, ongqongqoshe kuhulumeni wakhe bafungiswa. Phakathi kweKhabhinethi yakhe kwakukhona uMakis Voridis, owayekade eyilungu le-Popular Orthodox Rally, owamukelwa ngokungemthetho phesheya nasemphakathini wamaJuda eGreece. I-Israel yamemezela ukuthi ngeke ibambisane ne-Voridis.
Kusukela ngo-2019 kuqhubeke, iqala igagasi lokuhweba, kufaka phakathi ingqalasizinda yezokuvakasha, indawo esogwini, kanye namasheya kahulumeni ezinkampanini zegesi nogesi kanye nesikhumulo sezindiza sase-Athens. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuguqulwa kwentela okuhloselwe ukwenza izwe "liyindawo yokukhosela yezigidi eziyizinkulungwane kanye nezakhamuzi ezicebe kakhulu", kuphawula i-Financial Times, kusetshenziswa. Inhloso ukuheha ukutshala imali ngokunikeza amanani aphansi intela. Isigaba sizovikela abazuzi bale nqubomgomo yentela ekushintsheni kwenqubomgomo okungenzeka kohulumeni besikhathi esizayo.
Uhulumeni kaMitsotakis udunyiswe abanye abaqaphi ngokusingatha ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kanye nezinhlelo zawo zokusebenzisa ingxenye ye-€31 billion ye-EU's Recovery Plan kanye nokusakazwa kwayo okuhlelekile kokugoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitifiketi esivamile se-COVID-19 saqanjwa kuMitsotakis, futhi umqondo wakhe uye wathathwa ezingeni laseYurophu. UMitsotakis wayegxeke ijubane lokuqala lokuthumela umjovo wokugoma we-COVID-19 e-EU, futhi wacela ukushesha kwawo.
Izinyathelo zasetshenziswa kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi 2020 futhi kusukela ngoNovemba 2020 kuze kube nguMeyi 2021, lapho ukuphakanyiswa kwazo kancane kancane kwaqala. Ukulawula kwakuhlanganisa ukwethula imingcele ehlukahlukene yokuhamba, ukumiswa kokusebenza kwamabhizinisi athengisa, okudla nokuzijabulisa, kanye nezikole namasonto.
Ngo-Agasti 2020, kwamukelwa inguquko yomthetho wezisebenzi. Inikeza ithuba lokuba umqashi axoshe abasebenzi ngaphandle kokunikeza izizathu zesinqumo noma anikeze isaziso kusengaphambili kubantu abathintekayo. I-anti-fraud unit yeziphathimandla zentela yaqedwa futhi abasebenzi bayo bahlanganiswa noMnyango Wezezimali.
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Kunempikiswano yesikhathi eside phakathi kweTurkey neGreece ngemithombo yemvelo empumalanga yeMedithera. UMitsotakis uthe I-Turkey "isahlala ibambelele ekucabangeni kokusebenzisa amandla nezinsongo". Watshela uNobhala-Jikelele we-NATO ukuthi iGrisi "inikela ku-NATO, singumngane futhi sinethemba lokuthi lapho omunye umngane we-NATO eziziphatha ngendlela ebeka izithakazelo zethu engozini, I-NATO akufanele ithathe leli qiniso elilinganayo nokungenela ekuhlukaneni kwangaphakathi.
Phakathi nesikhathi sakhe njengoNdunankulu, uMitsotakis uye wathola kokubili udumo nokugxekwa ngokubusa kwakhe okusekela iYurophu, Ubuchwepheshe, izinyathelo zokucindezela, kanye nokusingatha kwakhe ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19. I-Greece yabizwa ngokuthi i-Top Economic Performer ka-2022 yi-The Economist, ikakhulukazi ngoba i-Greece ngo-2022 yakhokha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.7 ($2.87 billion) ezibolekwe emazweni ase-Eurozone ngaphansi kokusiza kokuqala athola phakathi nenhlekelele yesikweletu seminyaka eyishumi, futhi ngenxa yokuthi iseduze nokufinyelela ezingeni lokutshala imali. UMitsotakis uphinde wagxekwa endabeni yenkohlakalo, njengoba ngesikhathi sakhe, iGrisi ibhekane nenkohlakalo eyandisiwe, kanye nokuwohloka kwenkululeko yemithombo yezindaba. Isikhathi sakhe saphinde salinyazwa yihlazo lenkohlakalo laseNovartis, ihlazo lokuthumela izingcingo lika-2022, kanye nokushayisa kweTempe Train. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uye wathola kokubili udumo nokugxekwa ngokusingatha kwakhe ukufuduka, wathola udumo nosizo oluvela kwI-European Union, kodwa ukugxekwa yizintatheli nabashisekeli ngenxa yokuxoshwa, okuyinto uhulumeni wakhe awuphikisile.
Ukufuduka
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]UMitsotakis wathatha ukuma okuqinile nge-European Migrant Crisis ngokusebenzisa ukucindezela kwezinkulungwane zabafuduki emzamweni wokuvimbela ukungena kwabo eGreece, okuyinto uhulumeni wakhe ayiphikise. Wathola udumo oluvela I-European Union ngokusingatha kwakhe inhlekelele futhi wathola ukusekelwa kwezomnotho kwe-€ 700m.
Izinyathelo eziphoqelelwe ze-COVID-19 nokugoma
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]NgoMeyi 2021, lapho uhulumeni kaMitsotakis ememezela ukuvulwa kwezwe kwezokuvakasha ngoMeyi 14, ngoba izinyathelo zokulawula ukunyakaza, njengesibopho sokuthumela i-SMS ezindaweni ezithile, zagcinwa okwesikhashana. Ezinye izinyathelo ezisekhona ngemuva kokuvulwa kabusha kwezokuvakasha kwakuyi-curfew yansuku zonke, kusukela ku-00:30, ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwezifihla-buso ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuvinjelwa komculo emakhefini nasezitolo zokudlela, kanye nokuvinjelwa kokusebenza kwezitolo zokudla zangaphakathi kulo lonke uMeyi. Amakhasino avunyelwa ukuthi asebenze, ngephrothokholi ethile yokuhlanza. Engxoxweni ngo-27 Meyi 2021, uMitsotakis akazange anikeze impendulo ecacile yokuthi izinyathelo ezingenhla zizosuswa nini ehlobo. Wabhekisela emdlalweni wokuphakamisa ukulawula kodwa akazange akuchaze kabanzi. Uphinde walinganisela ukuthi ezokuvakasha ngo-2021 eGreece zizoba ngu-50% wamazinga atholakele ngo-2019. I-Greece yanikezwa i- "Global Champion Award for COVID-19 Crisis Management" yi-World Travel and Tourism Council, "ithusa" uhulumeni waseGreece "njengesibonelo somhlaba wonke sokuvulwa okuphephile komkhakha wezokuvakasha ngesikhathi sobhubhane". Waphinde wadunyiswa ngephasi yokugoma kamuva eyasetshenziswa emazweni amaningi e-European Union.
Inkululeko Yokunyathelisa
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngaphansi kukaMitsotakis, iGrisi yehle enkululekweni yezindaba. Ubudlova obumelene nezintatheli buye bakhula, okuholele ekuwohlokeni kwenkululeko yaseGrisi yezindaba. Uhulumeni kaMitsotakis uye waqondisa izimali kumapulatifomu emithombo yezindaba akhiqiza ukusakazwa okuhle, kuyilapho enikela ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-€20 emithonjeni yezindaba evumelana nohulumeni ekuqaleni kwalolu bhadane. [1]Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoNovemba 2021, uhulumeni wamisa umthetho wokusakaza "izindaba ezingamanga". Lo mthetho unikeza iziphathimandla amandla okubopha abantu iminyaka emihlanu uma besakaza ulwazi olungamanga olubhekwa njengolukwazi ukubangela ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba emphakathini noma ukululaza ukuzethemba komphakathi emnothweni kazwelonke, amandla okuzivikela wezwe, noma impilo yomphakathi. UMitsotakis uvumile ukuthi umthetho kungenzeka ukuthi wawuyiphutha, kodwa umthetho awuzange uguqulwe.[1]
Ukushayisana kwesitimela
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngo-28 February 2023, isitimela esithwala impahla nesitimela sabagibeli esihamba ngezinhlangothi eziphikisanayo phakathi kwe-Athens neThessaloniki zashaywa ngokungalindelekile emzileni ofanayo; abantu abangu-57 bafa ekushayisaneni okuqondile eduze kweTempi. Phakathi nentukuthelo ekhulayo kanye nokubhikisha ezweni lonke, uMitsotakis wanikeza "ukuxolisa obala egameni lalabo ababusa izwe eminyakeni edlule", wathatha umthwalo wemfanelo ngenhlekelele futhi wathembisa ukulungisa isimiso sesitimela esinganakiwe isikhathi eside. Wathi uhulumeni uzotshala imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-Euro angu-270 ukuqasha abasebenzi abengeziwe nokufaka izinhlelo zokulawula ezidijithali ngo-Agasti.
I-New Democracy yathola iningi lamavoti kodwa ayizange ithole iningi eliqondile. Njengoba kungekho uhulumeni wobumbano owakhiwa yinoma yiliphi lamaqembu afanelekile ukwenza kanjalo, uMitsotakis wabiza okunye ukhetho olusheshayo ngoJuni. Ngo-24 Meyi, njengoba kudingekile kumthethosisekelo waseGreece, uMongameli uSakellaropoulou wamisa U-Ioannis Sarmas ukuba abe undunankulu wesikhashana.
Ngemva kwenyanga waphinde wahola iqembu lakhe ukuba libe neningi okhethweni lwesishayamthetho saseGreece ngoJuni 2023 futhi wafungelwa njengondunankulu ethola umyalo wokwakha uhulumeni nguMongameli.
Isikhathi sesibili (2023-manje)
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]NgoJulayi 2023, uMitsotakis wamemezela ukuthi uhlose ukugunyaza Umshado wobulili obufanayo eGreece. Ngo-17 September, uMitsotakis wathi lolu daba luzokhulunywa ngalo eGreece kungakapheli iminyaka emine ezayo.
UMitsotakis walahla izenzo I-Hamas ngesikhathi sempi ye-Israel-Hamas ka-2023 futhi wazwakalisa ukusekela kwakhe i-Israel kanye nelungelo layo lokuzivikela.
UMitsotakis ungumfowabo omncane UDora Bakoyannis owayengUNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle futhi engUmphathi-dolobha wase-Athens, okwenza ukuthi abe ngumlamu kaPavlos Bakoyans ongasekho, owabulawa yiqembu lamaphekula ngo-17 November ngo-1989 futhi engumalume kaKostas Bakoyennis, owayengumbusi wesifunda waseCentral Greece futhi manje ongumphathi-Athens.
UMitsotakis ushade noMareva Grabowska, usomabhizinisi wokutshala imali onemvelaphi yaseBrithani, eGreece, ePoland naseGibhithe. Banabantwana abathathu, uSophia, uKonstantinos noDaphne.