Udoti wondlebe zikhanya ilanga
Udoti omhlophe inhlamba eyinhlamba yobuhlanga nehlobene nezigaba [1] [2] esetshenziswa ngesiNgisi saseMelika ukuze kubhekiselwe kondlebe zikhanya ilanga abaswele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eningizimu ye-United States .Le ilebula ,isho isigaba senhlalo phakathi kwabamhlophe futhi ikakhulukazi izinga lokuphila elehlisiwe. ,, Isetshenziswa njengendlela yokwehlukanisa "abahloniphekile nabakhuthele" "abampofu abahle" kumavila, "abangaqondi, abangabongi nabanengekayo" "abamhlophe ababi". Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli gama kunikeza abamhlophe bezinga eliphakathi naphezulu indlela yokuziqhelelanisa nobumpofu nokungabi namandla kwabamhlophe abaswele, abangakwazi ukujabulela lawo malungelo, kanye nendlela yokuphika ukuziphatha kwabo abakubonayo. [1]
Leli gama liye lamukelwa kubantu abahlala emikhawulweni yenhlalakahle yomphakathi, ababonakala beyingozi ngenxa yokuthi bangase babe nezigebengu, ezingalindelekile,engeqageleki futhi ngaphandle kokuhlonipha igunya lezombangazwe, lezomthetho, noma lokuziphatha. [3] Nakuba leli gama lisetshenziswa kakhulu yizindawo zasemadolobheni neziphakathi nendawo ehlazisayo ngabamhlophe basemadolobheni nabasezingeni eliphakathi njengesibonakaliso sesigaba, [4] abanye abaculi abamhlophe bazichaza ngokuthi "udoti omhlophe", bakubheka njengebheji lokuhlonipha, futhi babungaze imibono ehlukene engavamile kanye nezinhlalo zangaphansi kokumhlophe. [1] [4] [5]
Izazi kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 zahlola izizukulwane zemindeni ezazibhekwa "njengezihlambalazi", njengomndeni wakwaJukes kanye nomndeni wakwaKallikak, womabili amagama mbumbulu emindeni yangempela. [6]
udoti wosindlebe zikhanya ilanga ohluphekile, igama elisetshenziselwa kokubi okuhluphekile ", hhayi ukuyhandiswa "izicukuthwane nokusebenza kanzima" kokuhle okuhluphekile. [1] Igama elilodwa elisetshenziswa kubantu abanjalo lalithi "tackeys" noma "tackies". [7] Ngokwe-Oxford Dictionaries, yake yasetshenziswa kumahhashi enani elincane noma elingenagugu, yase idluliselwa kubantu ababonakala benenani elincane noma abangenalo igugu. [8] Kungase kube nesikhathi esimaphakathi lapho lalisetshenziswa khona ukuchaza labo okungenzeka babedla izambane likapondo kodwa bengenazo izimpande zomndeni noma inkuliso enhle. [9] yona manje ngokuvamile ibhekisa kunoma yini eshibhile, edubulayo, engadubuli, eyimbewu, noma enganambitheki. [10]
Kudoti wondlebe zikhanyilanga: amakhulu amane ngokweminya angatsheliwe kumlando wekilasi emelika usazi mlando uNancy Isenberg uhlanganise uhlu olude, kodwa olungacacile, lwamagama ahlekisayo asetshenzisiwe ukubhekisa kubantu abamhlophe abadla imbuya ngothi
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 . p. 1452–3. Missing or empty
|title=(help) Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Drinkard" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ What is "White Trash"?: Stereotypes and Economic Conditions of Poor Whites in the U.S.. p. 57–72. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/438717/summary.
- ↑ Wray (2006).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hartigan (2003).
- ↑ . p. 102–103. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Rafter, Nicole Hahn (1988) White Trash: The Eugenic Family Studies, 1877-1919
- ↑ Wyatt-Brown (2007).
- ↑ Google Search on "tacky definition"
- ↑ "tacky (adj. 2) etymonline.com
- ↑ "tacky" Merriam-Webster Online