INkantolo yoMthethosisekelo laseNingizimu Afrika

iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo laseNingizimu Afrika (isiNgisi: Constitutional Court of South Africa, ngokufushane: i-CC) iyinkantolo lokuqala ngezinga legatsha lobulungiswa likaHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika. Liyinkantolo lokugcina lapho amacala ngadluliswa khona mayelana umthethosisekelo futhi amacala amayelana nomayiphi indaba angadluliswa khona eNingizimu Afrika yonke jikelele. Lenkantolo ihlala edolobheli laseGoli. Lisungulwe ngezi-1994, ngoMthethosisekelo wesikhashane. Kodwa waqhubeka ukusebenza makushayiwa Umthethosisekelo wangempela ngezi-1996. Ngenxa yokushayiwa koMthetho wePhalamende wesi-10 wezi-2013 weziNkantolo ezingaPhezulu, iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo indlule iNkantolo ePhakeme yokuDlulisa amaCala ngamandla. Inhloko yeNkantolo iyiJaji eliPhakeme, uMandisa Maya.

Umlando

Esikhathini kusungulwa iNyunyane YaseNingizimu Afrika, inkatolo eyayingaphezu kwezinye izinkantolo ezweni kwakuyi Ntantolo ePhakeme YaseNingizimu Afrika eyayinezigaba ezinhlanu: izigaba zezifundazwe ezine nesigaba sokudlulisa amacala.^[1] Esikhathini esilandelayo, abantu bomdabo baseNingizimu Afrika nabanye abantu ekuthiwa bansundu baphucwe amalungelo nesithunzi sabo ngexa yohlelo lobandlululo olwahlukanisa abantu ngemihlanga ngexa yobala lwesikhumba^[2]. Inhlangano Khongolose Yabomdabo kaZwelonke YaseNingizimu Afrika yasungulwa ngu-John Langalibalele Dube nabanye ngomhlaka-8 zikaMasingana ngezi-1912, olwaguqula igama ukubayi-Nhlangano Khongolose Yama-Afrika ngezi-1923, yayishwelezela bese yalwela amalungelo, ubulinganiswa nobulungiswa kwabansundu njengezakhamuzi xaseNingizimu Afrika kufikela ukuketulwa kweNhlangano Yehlanga lamaBhunu ngomhlaka-27 zikaMbasa ngezi-1994^[3].

Amabhunu namaNgisi aqambe uhlelo lokuthi iPhalamende yayingaphezulu kwezinto nemibango yonke ukuze ikwazi ukushaya noma muphi umthetho noma loyomthetho ungalunganga noma lowomthetho ukhohlakele kangakanani^[4]. Lobungabi nemiyalelo okubusa ngobuqondile kwakuyona into eyalwenza ukuthi kubelula ukuthi inzondo eyiphehlwa izimfundiso nezimiso zombuso wobandlululo ebalungwini ungavimbeki yilaba balelohlanga ebalusola futhi baluphikisa^[5]. Ububi nokwesabeka balohlelo babukhulu kangangokuthi Izizwe Ezihlangene zilufulathele ziphinde zimemeza ukuthi kungubugebengu obuthuka ubuntu emhlabeni wonke olungaphinde luvumeke ukuthi lwenzeke futhi^[6].

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iPhalamende ngeke ikwazi ukuzenzela nokuthi abansundu bangaphindiseli abelungu ngokubajezisa ngasemuva kokuphela kwombuso wobandlululo, iNhlangano Yehlanga lamaBhunu neNhlangano Khongolose Yama-Afrika zavumelana ukuthi kubenoMthethosisekelo olulondoloza amalungelo wabansundu nabelungu futhi oluletha ubulinganiswa ngaphakathi kwabo^[7]. Kungako iPhalamende yaseyayishaya uMthethosisekelo Wesikhashane owasungula inkantolo ekwazi ukugxila ezindabeni ezibekane nomthethosisekelo uzuze amalungelo wabantu bonke alondolozwe. UMthethosisekelo oyayewashaywa ngezi-1996, uyigcinile iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo. Ngezi-2013, leNkantolo yazinikeza amandla okuhlola nokuhlulela noma yiphi indaba edluliswe kuyo noma ingaqondananga nqo nomthethosisekelo. Lokukwamiswa futhi kwagcizelelwa ngokushaywa koMthetho wesi-10 wezi-2013 weziNkantolo ezingaPhezulu olayenza lenkantolo ukuthi ibeyinkantolo ephezulu kwazonke izinkantolo ezweni.

Imithombo efundiwe

↑ Umbuso Ohlangeneyo. Isigaba esiy-95 kufikela esiyi-116, Umthetho wesi-6 wezi-1909 weNyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika
↑ Myeza, M. C. 2018. Ingcindezelo engobuhlanga njengoba ivezwa ubucikomazwi besiZulu. INyuvesi yaKwazulu-Natali. Lalutholakala khona: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/17892
↑ Simpson, T. (2012). The ANC at 100. South African Historical Journal, 64(3), 381–392. Lalutholakala khona: https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2012.706397
↑ Akoh, H. 2000. The separation of powers in Africa : a comparative analysis of Cameroon and South Africa, (c.1961-c.1996), with special reference to nation-building. INyuvesi yaseKapa. Lalutholakala khona: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7787
↑ Everatt, D. (2009). The Origins of Non-Racialism: White opposition to apartheid in the 1950s. Wits University Press. Lalutholakala khona:http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.18772/12009065003
↑ Izizwe Ezihlangene. Isimiso esiyi-2202 (XXI) seNhlangano Jikelele. Lalutholakala khona: https://undocs.org/A/RES/2202(XXI)
↑ van der Merwe, H. W., & Johnson, T. J. (1997). Restitution in South Africa and the Accommodation of an Afrikaner Ethnic Minority. International Journal of Peace Studies, 2(2), 37–48. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45038319

[1] Umbuso Ohlangeneyo. Isigaba esiy-95 kufikela esiyi-116, Umthetho wesi-6 wezi-1909 weNyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika

[2] Myeza, M. C. 2018. Ingcindezelo engobuhlanga njengoba ivezwa ubucikomazwi besiZulu. INyuvesi yaKwazulu-Natali. Lalutholakala khona: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/17892

[3] Simpson, T. (2012). The ANC at 100. South African Historical Journal, 64(3), 381–392. Lalutholakala khona: https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2012.706397

[4] Akoh, H. 2000. The separation of powers in Africa : a comparative analysis of Cameroon and South Africa, (c.1961-c.1996), with special reference to nation-building. INyuvesi yaseKapa. Lalutholakala khona: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7787

[5] Everatt, D. (2009). The Origins of Non-Racialism: White opposition to apartheid in the 1950s. Wits University Press. Lalutholakala khona:http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.18772/12009065003

[6] Izizwe Ezihlangene. Isimiso esiyi-2202 (XXI) seNhlangano Jikelele. Lalutholakala khona: https://undocs.org/A/RES/2202(XXI)

[7] van der Merwe, H. W., & Johnson, T. J. (1997). Restitution in South Africa and the Accommodation of an Afrikaner Ethnic Minority. International Journal of Peace Studies, 2(2), 37–48. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45038319

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