Isibindi (Ukudla)
Isibindi kwezincelisayo, izinyoni, nezinhlanzi is ngokuvamile kudliwa njengoba ukudla ngabantu (bheka offal ). Ingulube yasekhaya, iwundlu, inkonyane, inkabi, inkukhu, ihansi kanye nezibindi ze- cod zitholakala kakhulu kubabhusha nasezitolo ezinkulu ngenkathi izibindi ze-stingray ne- burbot zivamile kwamanye amazwe ase-Europe.Izibindi zezilwane zicebile ngensimbi, ithusi, amavithamini B kanye ne- vitamin A eyenziwe ngaphambili. Akuqiniseki ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesibindi nsuku zonke kungaba yingozi yini, ngoba alukho ucwaningo oluphelele olwenziwe ngobuthi be-vitamin A eyenziwe ngaphambili ekudleni.Ukudla okukodwa kwesibindi senyama yenkomo kudlula izinga eliphakeme lokudla elingabekezeleleka likavithamini A.100 g cod isibindi siqukethe u-5 mg kavithamini A no-100 µg kavithamini D.
I-Etymology[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Kusuka esibindini se-Middle English, kusuka ku- Old English lifer , kusuka ku- Proto-Germanic *librō , kusuka ku- Proto-Indo-European *leyp- "Ukugcoba, smudge, induku", kusuka eProto-Indo-European *ley - "ukuba slimy, unamathele, glide".Lieuwer Frisian Lieuwer "Isibindi", lever saseWest Frisian "Isibindi", lever saseDashi "Isibindi", i- German Leber "Isibindi", Danish, Norwegian futhi Swedish ulimi isigwedlo "isibindi" ezintathu zokugcina kusukela Old Norse lifr "Isibindi".
Ezilimini zesiRomance, igama le-anatomical elisho "isibindi" (i- French foie , Ama- fegato ase-Italy , ISpanish hígado , njll.) akuveli egameni lesiLatini elithi anatomical, jecur , kepha kusukela egameni lokupheka elithi ficatum , ngokwezwi nezwi "kufakwe amakhiwane ," kubhekiselwa kwizibindi zamahansi abekhuluphele ngamakhiwane ( foie gras ).
UUkulungiselela[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Isibindi kungenziwa kubhakwa, abilisiwe, eyosiwe, okuthosiwe, ugovuze okuthosiwe, noma idliwe iluhlaza (asbeh nayeh noma sawda Naye e cuisine Lebanese, isibindi sashimi ). Emalungiselelweni amaningi, izingcezu zesibindi zihlanganiswa nezicucu zenyama noma izinso, njengasezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ze-Middle East exubekile (isb. Meurav Yerushalmi ).Ziyasakazeka noma pates wenza kusukela isibindi zinamagama ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise isibindi Pate, pate de foie Gras, isibindi oqoshiwe, liverwurst, isibindi ukusabalala, futhi Braunschweiger.Amanye amasoseji wesibindi afaka i- mazzafegato noma i-salsiccia matta.Ubumnandi bendabuko baseNingizimu Afrika, okuyi-skilpadjies, benziwa ngesibindi semvu esisikiwe esisongwe nge-netvet (caul fat), futhi sosiwe ngomlilo ovulekile.
Some fish livers are valued as food, especially the stingray liver. It is used to prepare delicacies, such as poached skate liver on toast in England, as well as the beignets de foie de raie and foie de raie en croute in French cuisine. Cod liver (usually tinned in its oil and served seasoned) is a popular spread for bread or toast in several European countries. In Russia, it is served with potatoes. Cod liver oil is commonly used as a dietary supplement. Liver of burbot is eaten in Finland: it is common for fish vendors and supermarket fish aisles to sell these fish with liver and roe sacks still attached. These parts are often eaten boiled or added to burbot soup. Burbot and its liver are a traditional winter food.
Ubuthi[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Izibindi zamabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo, ama-walrus , ama-searded seals, ama- moose, nama- huskies angaqukatha amazinga aphakeme kakhulu we-vitamin A eyakhiwe ngaphambili, [1] [2] futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuholele ku-vitamin A poisoning ( hypervitaminosis A ) ngokusho kwemibiko eminingana yama-anecdotal and izifundo ezimbalwa zesayensi.Ama- Inuit ngeke adle isibindi samabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo noma izimvu zamanzi ezinentshebe.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamagremu angama-500 wesibindi sebhere le-polar kungaholela kumthamo onobuthi kumuntu.Itilosi laseRussia u-Alexander Konrad, owayehamba nomhloli wamazwe uValerian Albanov osizini oludabukisayo lweqhwa lase- Arctic ngo-1912, wabhala ngemiphumela emibi yokudla isibindi se- polar bear. [3]Futhi, ngo-1913, abahloli bamazwe base- Antarctic beFar Eastern Party uDouglas Mawson noXavier Mertz kwakukholakala ukuthi badliswa ushevu, laba ababulawa ngokudla, ngokudla isibindi esishubile, yize lokhu sekuphikisiwe muva nje. [4]
Okuqukethwe kweMercury kwezinye izinhlobo nakho kungaba yinkinga.Ku-2012, uHulumeni waseNunavut uxwayise abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi behlise ukudla kwabo isibindi se-ringed seal ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e- mercury .
I-neurotoxin esesibindi se- pufferfish (esetshenziswa endaweni yokudla yaseJapan njenge- fugu, elawulwa ngokuqinile ngumthetho waseJapan ) iqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kwe- tetrodotoxin, okukhombisa uhlobo.Ngenxa yalokho, isibindi besingekho emthethweni ukusebenza kusukela ngo-1984.
Amasiko[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Ingulube yesibindi ingukudla kwendabuko kwabokufika base-Okinawans eHawaii . Bekujwayele ukudliwa ngosuku olwandulela uNcibijane . [5]
Izinkomba[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
- ↑ The vitamin A content and toxicity of bear and seal liver. July 1943.
- ↑ The Phoca barbata listed on pages 167–168 of the previous reference is now known as Erignathus barbatus
- ↑ Valerian Albanov. In the Land of White Death. Appendix; A. Konrad's notes.
- ↑ Mawson and Mertz: a re-evaluation of their ill-fated mapping journey during the 1911–1914 Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 5–19 December 2005, https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2005/183/11/mawson-and-mertz-re-evaluation-their-ill-fated-mapping-journey-during-1911-1914
- ↑ Ethnic Foods of Hawaiʻi page 80