Ukukhulelwa kwentsha

Ukukhulelwa kwentsha
Ukuhlela ngohlobo oluthile kanye nezinsiza zangaphandle

Ukukhulelwa kwentsha okubuye kwaziwe njengo kukhulelwa kwentsha, ukukhulelwa kowesifazane ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-20.^[1]

Emhlabeni wonke, izinkinga zokukhulelwa ziyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa kwabesifazane namantombazane abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-19 ubudala. Incazelo yokukhulelwa kwentsha ihlanganisa labo ababhekwa ngokomthetho njengabantu abadala ezweni labo.^[2] I-World Health Organization ichaza ubusha njengenkathi ephakathi kweminyaka engu-10 nengu-19. Ukukhulelwa kungavela ngokuya ocansini ngemuva kokuqala kweqanda, okungenzeka ngaphambi kwenkathi yokuqala yokuya esikhathini (menarche). Emantombazaneni aphile kahle, inkathi yokuqala ivame ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engu-12 nengu-13.^[3]

Intsha ekhulelwe ibhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezifanayo zokukhulelwa njengabesifazane abadala.^[4] Intsha inamathuba amaningi okubhekana nezinkinga zokukhulelwa noma ukufa komama kunabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-20 noma ngaphezulu. Kukhona ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 njengoba bengenakuthuthuka ngokomzimba ukuze bakhulelwe kahle noma babebelethise.^[5] Emantombazaneni aneminyaka engu-15-19, izingozi zihlobene kakhulu nezici zezenhlalo nezomnotho kunemiphumela yezinto eziphilayo yobudala.^[6] Izingozi isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa, Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-anemia, kanye ne-pre-eclampsia azihlangene iminyaka engokwemvelo ngesikhathi intombazane ineminyaka engu-16, njengoba zingabonwa ekuzalweni kwentsha esezikhulile ngemuva kokulawula ezinye izici zobungozi, njengokufinyelela ekunakekelweni okuphezulu kwangaphambi kokubeletha

Ukukhulelwa

Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuhlobene nezinkinga zomphakathi, kufaka phakathi amazinga aphansi imfundo ubumpofu. Ukukhulelwa kwentsha emazweni asethuthukile kuvame ukungaphandle umshado futhi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa Ihlazo lomphakathi. Ukukhulelwa kwentsha emazweni asathuthuka kuvame ukwenzeka emshadweni futhi cishe ingxenye ihlelelwe. Kodwa-ke, kule miphakathi, ukukhulelwa okusheshayo kungahlangana ukungondleki kahle nokunakekelwa kwempilo okungekho kahle ukubangela izinkinga zezokwelapha. Uma isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa, ukungenela kwezemfundo nokufinyelela ekulawuleni inzalo kunganciphisa ukukhulelwa kwentsha okungahlosiwe.^[7]^[8]

Ngo-2023, emhlabeni wonke, abesifazane abangaba ngu-41 kwabangu-1,000 bazala phakathi kweminyaka engu-15 nengu-19, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzalwa okungaba ngu-65 kwabangu-1.000 ngo-2000. Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2021, amaphesenti alinganiselwa ku-14 amantombazane aseve eshumini nambili nabesifazane abasebasha emhlabeni wonke babika ukuthi bazala ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engu-18. Izinga lokuzalwa kwentsha liphakeme emazweni athola imali ephansi nephakathi (LMIC), uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athola imali ephakeme. Emazweni asathuthuka, abesifazane abangaba yizigidi ezingu-2.5 abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-19 ubudala banezingane unyaka ngamunye. Abanye abayizigidi ezingu-3.9 bakhipha isisu. Kuvame kakhulu emaphandleni kunasemadolobheni.

INKOMBA

Effects

Ngokusho kwe-United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Ukukhulelwa phakathi kwamantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 kunemiphumela engenakulungiseka. Kuphula amalungelo amantombazane kanye nemiphumela esongela ukuphila ngokuqondene nempilo yobulili nokuzala, kiphinde kubeka izindleko eziphakeme zokuthuthuka kwemiphakathi ikakhulukazi ekuqhubekiseleni umjikelezo wobumpofu. Imiphumela yezempilo ihlanganisa ukungakulungeli ngokomzimba ukukhulelwa nokubeletha okuholela ezigqinambeni nasekungondeni njengoba iningi lentsha evame ukuvela emindenini engenayo. Ingozi yokushona bomama namantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 emazweni athola imali ephansi naphakathi iphakeme kunabesifazane abaseminyakeni yabo-20.^[9] Ukukhulelwa kwentsha nakho kuthinta imfundo namathuba emholo wamantombazane njengoba abaningi bephoqeleka ukuba baphume esikoleni, okugcina kusongela amathuba esikhathi esizayo namathemba ezomnotho.

↑ https://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/102004722
↑ https://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/101990327
↑ Menstrual cycle among adolescents: Girls' awareness and influence of age at menarche and overweight. p. e2020494.
↑ . p. 1–8.
↑ . p. 1152.
↑ . p. 132–139.
↑ . p. CD005215.
↑ . p. 18. Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Adolescent Pregnancy

[1] ttps://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/102004722

[2] ttps://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/101990327

[3] Menstrual cycle among adolescents: Girls' awareness and influence of age at menarche and overweight. p. e2020494.

[4] . p. 1–8.

[savethechildren-5] . p. 1152.

[makinson-6] . p. 132–139.

[Ori2016-7] . p. CD005215.

[8] . p. 18. Missing or empty |title= (help)

[Adolescent_Pregnancy-9] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Adolescent Pregnancy

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]