Wali (Isihloko sesikhundla kuhulumeni)
ÎWali, Wā'lī noma Vali (ngesi-Arabhu; والي) yisihloko sokuphatha esisetshenziswa kwamazwe alandela inkolo yamaSulumane (Muslim World) (kufaka phakathi uCalphate noMbuso Wase-Ottoman ) ukuqoka abaphathi bezinhlaka zokuphatha. Lesihloko sisetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe. Isigaba esilawulwa yiWāli sibizwa ngokuthi Wilayah, e-Ottoman Turkey kuthiwa noma kwakuthiwa "iVilayet".
Isihloko njengamanje sibhekisa nasenhlokweni yomkhosi waseBangsamoro, isifunda esizimele esinamaSulumane amaningi ePhilippines.
Aljeriya
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]e-Algeria, leligama elithi Wāli lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza umuntu ongu-Ndunankulu wesifundazwe futhi ukhethwa umengameli.
Iran
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]E-Iran leli gama laziwa njenge-Vāli futhi libhekisa kumbusi-jikelele noma inkosi yendawo yesifundazwe esibalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaSafavid 1501-1722 ababusi bokuqala bezifundazwe ezazingaphansi ngaleso sikhathi zombuso waseGeorgia Kartli noKakheti, inkosi yaseKurdish yase- Ardalan, izinduna zesiFundazwe saseLorestān kanye nesifundazwe saseKhuzestan entshonalanga ye-Iran babethathwa njengabaphathi bezindlalifa ezibizwa ngeVāli ilingana neBeylerbeylik (iSafavid Persia). La "makhosi amamashi" kufanele avikele imingcele yasentshonalanga ye-Iran emandleni angaphandle. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kweQajar 1785-1925 umbuso waseGeorgia wehlulwa yiRussia kwathi amakhosi ezofuzo athathelwa indawo yizikhulu zombuso ophakathi. Ngokuyinhloko lezi zikhulu zazivela eqenjini lezikhulu zamakhosi kanye nezikhulu zasebukhosini futhi zenziwa iVāli yezifundazwe ezibalulekile. Isibonelo, inkosana yomqhele ngokwesiko yayiphethe isihloko sikaVāli wase-Azerbaijan (Iran).
Isikhathi soMbuso Wama-Ottoman
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]"IVali" (elihunyushwe ngokuthi "gouverneur-général" ngesiFulentshi, njengakumthethosisekelo wase-Ottoman) kwaba isihloko eMbusweni wase-Ottoman sohlobo oluvame kakhulu lombusi wase-Ottoman, ophethe i-vilayet (ngesi-Ottoman Turkish), imvamisa isikhulu sezempi njenge-pasha; bheka Izingxenye zoMbuso Wase-Ottoman.
Isikhathi se-Omani Sultanate
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]I Sultanate of Oman, lapho abusa Mombasa, Kenya, yamisa wali for emzini eyaziwa kule ndawo ngokuthi LiWali. Leli gama lisasetshenziswa nanamuhla ukukhombisa izindawo zase-Oman, ezifana neWilayat Madha , indawo ephambana nomgwaqo ophakathi kukaMadam eSharjah naseHatta eDubai e-United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ababusi abaningi baseTrucial States (ababebizwa nangokuthi iTrucial Oman esikhathini esedlule) baqoka ama- walis ukuthi abhekele amadolobha abo, kubandakanya nokuqasha izigqila zaleyo nhloso.
Morokho
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Kusukela ekuguqulweni kwesifunda ngo-1997, iWāli ingumbusi wesinye sezifunda eziyishumi nambili zaseMorocco.
Pakistan
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]EPakistan, ababusi bezwe elaliyinkosana yaseSwat banikezwa igama elithi Wali.
Philippines
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]EPhilippines, igama elithi Wa'lī yigama lenhloko ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Bangsamoro Autonomous Region eMuslim Mindanao, isifunda esizimele esiqhingini esikhulu esiseningizimu iMindanao. I-Wa'lī inemisebenzi namandla okugada indawo kanye nokubiza nokuqedwa kwephalamende layo.[1]
Turkey
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]ETurkey uVali ungumbusi noma uNdunankulu wesifundazwe, ezifundazweni zaseTurkey ezingama-81. IVali iqokwa ngungqongqoshe wezangaphakathi noma iqokwe nguMengameli. I-Vali yengamela ukusebenza kwemisebenzi kahulumeni njengokuphepha nokugcinwa kwayo futhi yengamela nemikhandlu yesifundazwe neyomasipala ekhethiwe. Ngesikhathi se-OHAL "State of emergency" kusuka ngo-1987 kuya ku-2002, kwakukhona owayebizwa nge-Super Vali owayengamele iValis yezifundazwe ezifika kwezingu-13 eningizimu mpumalanga ye-Anatolia.
Imithombo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ Kabiling, Genalyn (11 kuMandulo 2014). "PNoy submits draft Bangsamoro law Entity to have 58 exclusive powers; UN, Canada hail move". Manila Bulletin. Manila Bulletin. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 28 kuNhlangulana 2021.