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Ubumormoni

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incwadi kaMomoni yesiZulu
incwadi kaMomoni yesiZulu
Incwadi kaMormoni

I-MormonismIsi-Arabhu: المورمونية‎, 

isiko lenkolo kanye nemfundiso yenkolo ye- Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity eyaqalwa nguJoseph Smith eWestern New York ngawo-1820 kanye no-1830s.Njengelebula, ubuMormon busetshenzisiwe ezinhlakeni ezahlukahlukene zokunyakaza kweLatter Day Saint, yize kube khona ukucindezelwa kwakamuva okuvela kuThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ukuze baziqhelelanise nale ilebula.Isazi-mlando, uSydney E. Ahlstrom, wabhala ngo-1982, "Umuntu akakwazi ngisho nokuqiniseka, noma ngabe [amaMormonism] ayihlelo, inkolo eyimfihlakalo, inkolo entsha, isonto, abantu, isizwe, noma isiko laseMelika; impela, ngezikhathi nangezindawo ezingafani yikho konke lokhu ". [1]Kodwa-ke, izazi kanye nezazi zemfudiso yenkolo ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yeLatter Day Saint, kubandakanya uSmith, bavame ukusebenzisa i- "Mormonism" ukuchaza izimfundiso nezimfundiso eziyingqayizivele zenhlangano.

Imfundiso yenkolo yamaMormon igxile eNcwadini kaMormoni, ezichaza njengomlando wabantu bokuqala bomdabu baseMelika kanye nokusebenza kwabo noNkulunkulu.Imfundiso yenkolo yamaMormon ifaka phakathi izinkolelo ezijwayelekile zobuKristu ezinokuguqulwa okuvela kwizambulo eziya kuSmith nabanye abaholi benkolo.Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa nokukholelwa eBhayibhelini, kanye neminye imibhalo yenkolo ehlanganisa iMfundiso neziVumelwano neParele leNani eliKhulu .I-Mormonism ifaka izimfundiso ezibalulekile zomshado waphakade, ukuqhubeka okungapheli, ukubhabhadiswa kwabafileyo, isithembu noma umshado weningi njengokugunyazwa nguNkulunkulu, ubumsulwa bezocansi, ezempilo (ezichazwe eZwini leNhlakanipho), ukuzila ukudla nokugcinwa kweSabatha .

Imfundiso yenkolo uqobo ayifani; ekuqaleni kuka-1831, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kokushona kukaSmith, amaqembu ahlukene ahlukana neSonto likaKristu elasungulwa nguSmith.Ngaphandle kokwehluka ebuholini, la maqembu ahluke kakhulu ezimeni zawo zesithembu, iSonto LDS elizinze e-Utah elalivimbele ngo-1890, kanye noZiqu-zintathu, okuyinto iSonto le-LDS elingaqinisekisi ngalo.Igatsha lemfundiso yenkolo elifuna ukugcina umkhuba wesithembu laziwa njengeMormon basicism futhi lifaka amasonto ahlukahlukene.Amanye amaqembu aqinisekisa uZiqu-zintathu, njengeCommunity of Christ (eyayiyiReorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints), futhi bachaza imfundiso yabo njengoZiqu-zintathu owabuyisela ubuKristu .

I-Cultural Mormonism yigama eliqanjwe ngamasiko amaMormon ahlangana namasiko, ikakhulukazi akhona e-Utah nase-Idaho, kepha hhayi ukuthi azihloniphi ngemfundiso yenkolo.

Ukubuka konke komlando

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Iwindi lengilazi elinamabala elibonisa umbono wokuqala kaJoseph Smith.

Izimfundiso zikaMormonism zaqala ngomfana wasepulazini uJoseph Smith ngawo-1820s entshonalanga yeNew York ngesikhathi senjabulo engokwenkolo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi- Second Great Awakening.Ngemuva kokukhuleka ngokuthi iyiphi inhlangano okufanele ayijoyine, uSmith wathi wathola umbono entwasahlobo yango-1820.Ebizwa ngokuthi " Umbono Wokuqala ", uSmith wathi uNkulunkulu uBaba kanye nendodana yakhe uJesu Kristu bavele kuye futhi bamyalela ukuthi angajoyini nelilodwa lamasonto akhona ngoba bonke babenephutha. [2]Ngawo-1820s uSmith walandisa ngokuvakashelwa izingelosi izikhathi eziningana, futhi ekugcineni watshelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu wayezomsebenzisa ukumisa kabusha ibandla lobuKristu beqiniso.

UJoseph Smith uthe iNcwadi kaMormoni yahunyushelwa ekubhalweni kwamapuleti egolide ngolimi lwaseGibhithe olwenziwe kabusha, lahunyushwa ngosizo lwe- Urimi neThumimi namatshe okubona.Uthe ingelosi iqale yamkhombisa ukuthi amapuleti ayekhona ngo-1823, angcwatshwa egqumeni eliseduze .Ngosizo lukaMartin Harris, umlandeli wokuqala, uSmith waqala ukuyala umbhalo weNcwadi kaMormoni ngo-Ephreli 12, 1828.Yize ukuhumusha kwaphazanyiswa ukushushiswa, ukuqhubeka kukaSmith emsebenzini ukuze ondle umndeni wakhe, nokulahleka kukaHarris kwamakhasi ayi- 116, umbhalo wesandla weNcwadi kaMormoni waqedwa ngoJuni 1829.USmith uthe amapuleti abuyiselwa engelosini ngemuva kokuqeda ukuhumusha.Ngesikhathi uSmith ethi unamapuleti, abantu abangu-15 bavunyelwe ukuthi babone ukuthi babekhona .

INcwadi kaMormoni ithi ingumlando wama- Israyeli akuqala asuka eMpumalanga Eseduze aya emazweni aseMelika.Incwadi iqala ngendaba yokuhamba komndeni kaLehi (umprofethi) eJerusalema ngokunxuswa nguNkulunkulu c. 600 BC, futhi kamuva ngomkhumbi waya emazweni aseMelika c. 589 BC.Abantu baseMelika babhalwa njengabakholelwa kuKristu emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe, bebona ukuvakasha kukaKristu kubo ngemuva kokuvuka kwakhe, futhi ekugcineni balahlekelwa ubuKristu emva kwezizukulwane zezimpi nokuhlubuka. INcwadi kaMormoni nezambulo eziqhubekayo kungaba yindlela yokusungula imfundiso elungile yebandla elibuyisiwe.USmith, u-Oliver Cowdery, nabanye abalandeli bokuqala baqala ukubhabhadisa abasanda kuguquka ngo-1829 futhi bahlelwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1830 njengeSonto likaKristu.Smith wabonwa abalandeli bakhe njengoba banamuhla umprofethi.

Imfundiso yenkolo

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Isimo sikaNkulunkulu

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  Ku-Mormonism wama-orthodox, igama uNkulunkulu ngokujwayelekile libhekisa kuNkulunkulu wasebhayibhelini onguYise, lowo ama- Latter Day Saints abhekise kuye njengo- Elohim, [3] futhi igama elithi ubuNkulunkulu libhekisele emkhandlwini wabantu abathathu abahlukene bakaNkulunkulu abanoNkulunkulu uBaba, uJesu Kristu (iNdodana yakhe eyizibulo, uLatter Day Saints ambiza ngoJehova ), noMoya oNgcwele . [4] [3] Ama-Latter Day Saints akholelwa ukuthi uBaba, iNdodana, noMoya oNgcwele yizinto ezintathu ezihlukile, nokuthi uBaba noJesu baphelelise, bakhazimulisa, imizimba yenyama, kanti uMoya oNgcwele ungumoya ongenawo umzimba wenyama.[5] [6]Ama-Latter Day Saints nawo akholelwa ukuthi kukhona abanye onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi ngaphandle kobuNkulunkulu, njengoMama waseZulwini — ongumfazi kaNkulunkulu uBaba — nokuthi abaNgcwele beziNsuku zokuGcina abathembekile bangathola ubuNkulunkulu emva kokufa. [7]UJoseph Smith wafundisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu wake waba indoda kwenye iplanethi ngaphambi kokuba luphakanyisiwe godhood.

Lo mqondo wehlukile kuMfundiso kaZiqu-zintathu wamaKhristu ngezindlela eziningi, enye yazo ngukuthi iMormonism ayizange yamukele noma iqhubeke nokubamba imfundiso yeSivumo Sokholo saseNicaea, ukuthi uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele bangabantu noma into efanayo.Futhi, iMormonism ifundisa ukuthi ukuhlakanipha okuhlala kumuntu ngamunye kuhlangene noNkulunkulu. [8]AmaMormon asebenzisa igama elithi umninimandla onke ukuchaza uNkulunkulu, futhi ambheka njengoMdali: amqonda njengonamandla onke naphakade kodwa angaphansi komthetho wemvelo waphakade olawula ubuhlakani, ubulungiswa kanye nesimo saphakade sendaba (okusho ukuthi uNkulunkulu wahlela umhlaba kepha akazange kuyidalele lutho). [9]Mormon conception noNkulunkulu anithethelela kuyahluka kakhulu kusukela isiko lamaJuda ka monotheism nezimiso zokuziphatha lapho elohimi (אֱלֹהִים) kuyinto nje ebamba isisu ehluke ngokuphelele.

Le ncazelo kaNkulunkulu limelela kaMomoni yenkolelo, ngendlela ehlelekileko 1915 olusekelwe ezimfundisweni ngaphambili.Amanye amagatsha akhona njengamanje nawomlando obuMormonism asebemukele imibono eyehlukene kankulunkulu, njengemfundiso ka- Adam – God kanye noZiqu-zintathu.

Ukubuyiselwa

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Umdwebo kaJoseph Smith no-Oliver Cowdery bethola igunya lobuphristi kuJohn the Baptist

Mormonism lichaza uqobo njengoba abangena ngaphansi izwe ubuKristu, kodwa njengoba esihlukile abuyiselwe kwenchubo ; lizibonakalisa njengelona kuphela uhlobo lwangempela lwenkolo yobuKristu kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlubuka okukhulu okwaqala kungekudala emva kokukhuphuka kukaJesu Kristu . [10]Ngokusho kwamaMormon lokhu kuhlubuka kwakuhilela ukonakala kwemfundiso emsulwa, yobuKristu yokuqala kanye namaGreki namanye amafilosofi, [11] nabalandeli behlukana ngamaqembu emibono ehlukene. [12]Ukwengeza, amaMormon athi ukufela ukholo kwabaPhostoli kwaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegunya lobuPristi lokuphatha iSonto kanye nezimiso zalo. [13] [14]

AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu walimisa kabusha iSonto LamaKristu lokuqala njengoba litholakala eTestamenteni Elisha ngoJoseph Smith.Ikakhulukazi, amaMormon ziyakholwa ukuthi izingelosi ezifana uPetru, uJakobe, uJohane, futhi uJohane uMbhapathizi wabonakala uJoseph Smith nabanye futhi pha ahlukahlukene Ubupristi iziphathimandla phezu kwabo. [15]AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi iSonto lawo "yilo kuphela isonto leqiniso neliphilayo" ngoba igunya elingcwele labuyiselwa kulo ngoSmith.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaMormon akholelwa ukuthi uSmith nabalandela bakhe ngokusemthethweni abaprofethi banamuhla abathola isambulo esivela kuNkulunkulu ukuhola ibandla.Bamile ekutheni ezinye izinkolo zinengxenye yeqiniso futhi ziholwa ukukhanya kukaKristu.

I-cosmmology

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I-cosmology kaSmith ibekwe ikakhulu kwizambulo nezintshumayelo zakamuva zikaSmith, kepha ikakhulukazi iNcwadi ka-Abraham, iNcwadi kaMose kanye nenkulumo yeNkosi Follett . KaMomoni Cosmology izipho umbono kaNkulunkulu ehlukile futhi yonke, futhi izindawo ukubaluleka phezulu womuntu ejensi.KuMormonism, impilo emhlabeni iyingxenye emfushane yokuphila okuphakade.AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni, bonke abantu babekhona njengemimoya noma "ubuhlakani," ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu.Kulesi simo, uNkulunkulu waphakamisa icebo lensindiso ababengathuthuka ngalo futhi babe "nelungelo lokuqhubekela phambili njengaye."Imimoya yayikhululekile ukwamukela noma ukwenqaba lolu hlelo, futhi "ingxenye yesithathu" yabo, eholwa nguSathane yalwenqaba.Bonke abanye balwamukela uhlelo, beza emhlabeni futhi bemukela imizimba ngokuqonda ukuthi bazohlangabezana nesono nokuhlupheka.

KuMormonism, ingxenye esemqoka yecebo likaNkulunkulu ukubuyisana kukaJesu Kristu.AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi inhloso eyodwa yempilo yasemhlabeni ukufunda ukukhetha okuhle kunokubi.Kule nqubo, nakanjani abantu benza amaphutha, bengafaneleki ukubuyela ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu.AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi uJesu wakhokhela izono zomhlaba nokuthi bonke abantu bangasindiswa ngenhlawulo yakhe.AmaMormon amukela ukubuyisana kukaKristu ngokholo, ukuphenduka, izivumelwano ezisemthethweni noma izimiso ezifana nokubhabhadiswa, nangokuzama njalo ukuphila impilo efana noKristu.

Ngokusho kombhalo kaMormon, ukudalwa koMhlaba kwakungeyona i- ex nihilo, kepha yayihlelwe ngodaba olukhona.Umhlaba ungomunye nje wamazwe amaningi ahlala abantu, futhi kunezindikimba eziningi ezilawulayo zasezulwini, kufaka phakathi iplanethi noma inkanyezi uKolob, okuthiwa iseduzane nesihlalo sobukhosi sikaNkulunkulu .

Melika

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AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi uMthethosisekelo wase-US ungumphumela wokhuthazo lukaNkulunkulu. Ama-Fundamentalists akholelwa ku-White Horse Prophecy ehlobene.

Imfundiso yenkolo yamaMormon ifundisa ukuthi i- United States iyindawo eyingqayizivele nokuthi amaMormon angabantu bakaNkulunkulu abakhethiwe, abakhethelwe ikusasa elilodwa.Incwadi kaMormon ikhomba e-United States njengezwe elithenjisiwe eliseBhayibhelini, noMthethosisekelo wase-United States uphefumulelwe ngokwaphezulu, futhi uthi iMelika iyisizwe esihlukile . [16]

E- Upstate New York ngo-1823, uJoseph Smith wathi waba nombono lapho u- Angel Moroni amtshela khona ngamacwecwe egolide aqoshwe agqitshwe egqumeni eliseduze.Ngokusho kukaSmith, wathola imiyalo elandelayo kuMoroni futhi, eminyakeni emine kamuva, wagebenga amapuleti wawahumusha asuka " eGibhithe eliguqulelwe kabusha " aya esiNgisini; iNcwadi kaMormoni eyaba nomphumela-eyabizwa kanjalo ngemuva komprofethi wasendulo waseMelika, owathi, ngokukaSmith, wahlanganisa umbhalo owaqoshwa ezingcwepheni zegolide – ulandisa umlando wesizwe sakwa- Israyeli, oholwa ngumprofethi uLehi, owathutha esuka eJerusalema waya Amazwe aseMelika ngekhulu lesi-7 BCE. [17] KuMormonism, lezi zizwe zakwa-Israyeli ezafudukela eMelika emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaJesu Kristu zithathwa njengeziphakathi kokhokho baseMelika baseMelika bangaphambi kweColombia . [17]

UJoseph Smith wathi iJerusalema Elisha leminyaka eyinkulungwane lalizokwakhiwa eMelika (i-10th Article of Faith ). [16] Ku- Doctrine and Covenants, uSmith uqopha uNkulunkulu ethi "akulungile ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu abe yizigqila zomunye nomunye. Futhi ngale njongo ngiwusungulile uMthethosisekelo waleli zwe, ngezandla zabantu abahlakaniphileyo engabakhulisa ngafinyelela kuyo le njongo, futhi ngahlenga umhlaba ngokuchitheka kwegazi ”(Mf & V 101: 79–80). KumaMormon, lokhu kubeka iMelika njengomsunguli wenkululeko nenkolo, kuyilapho kubhekwa isidingo sokwandisa lezi zimiso zaseMelika emhlabeni jikelele.

Yize ngokusemthethweni kuvinjelwe iSonto le-LDS, amaMormon angama-fundamentalist akholelwa ku- White Horse Prophecy, ethi amaMormon azocelwa ukuthi alondoloze uMthethosisekelo njengoba ulenga "ngentambo".

Izimiso

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KuMormonism, isimiso isiko lenkolo elibaluleke ngokukhethekile, imvamisa lifaka ukwakheka kwesivumelwano noNkulunkulu. [18]Izimiso zenziwa ngegunya lobupristi kanye nangegama likaJesu Kristu.Leli gama linencazelo ecishe ifane naleyo yegama elithi " isakramente " kwamanye amahlelo obuKristu.

Intombazane eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ibhapathizwa eCerro Punta, ePanama

Ukonga izimiso (noma izimiso ezibukwa njengokudingakalayo ekusindisweni) kufaka phakathi: ukubhaphathizwa ngokucwilisa ngemuva kweminyaka yokuziphendulela (imvamisa iminyaka yobudala eyi-8); ukuqinisekiswa nokwamukelwa kwesipho sikaMoya oNgcwele, esenziwa ngokubeka izandla ekhanda lelungu elisanda kubhapathizwa; ukugcotshelwa ubupristi buka -Aroni nobukaMelkisedeki kwabesilisa; isipho (kufaka phakathi ukuwashwa nokugcotshwa ) okutholwe emathempelini ; nomshado (noma ukubekwa uphawu ) koshade naye. [19]

AmaMormon futhi enze nezinye izimiso, ezifaka hlangana ukuhlahluba kwantambama SeNkosi (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi isakramente ), efaka i nesibusiso izingane, enika izibusiso ubupristi kanye izibusiso wezinzalamizi, okugcoba uyawubusisa ogulayo, ukubamba iqhaza emibuthanweni umthandazo, futhi ukubekela eceleni abantu ababizwa esontweni izikhundla.

KuMormonism, izimiso ezisindisayo zibonakala zidingekile ekusindisweni, kepha azanele ngokwazo.Isibonelo, ukubhabhadiswa kuyadingeka ekuphakanyisweni, kepha ukumane ubhabhadiswe akuqinisekisi noma yimuphi umvuzo waphakade.Umuntu obhapathiziwe kulindeleke ukuthi alalele imiyalo kaNkulunkulu, aphenduke kunoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okuyisono okulandelayo lapho ebhapathizwa, futhi athole nezinye izimiso ezisindisayo.

Ngoba amaMormon akholelwa ukuthi wonke umuntu kumele athole izimiso ezithile ukuze asindiswe, amaMormon enza izimiso egameni labantu abangasekho.Lezo zimiso zenziwa ngokungahambisani noma "ngummeleli" egameni labafileyo.Ngokuvumelana nenkolelo yabo "kunkululeko yamahhala" yomuntu ngamunye, ephilayo noma efile, amaMormon akholelwa ukuthi umufi angamukela noma anqabe umthetho owunikezwayo ezweni lemimoya, njengoba nje yonke imimoya yanquma ukwamukela noma ukwenqaba uhlelo lukaNkulunkulu ekuqaleni.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mithetho "enemibandela" eyenzelwa abafileyo yenziwa kuphela uma imininingwane yozalo lomuntu oshonile isihanjisiwe ethempelini futhi isetshenzwa kahle lapho ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isiko lokumiswa. Izimiso zensindiso kuphela ezenzelwa abantu abangasekho.

UmBhalo

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Uhlu lwezincwadi zeSonto LDS

AmaMormon bakholelwa ku Old and eTestamente Elisha, kanye LDS Church esebenzisa iBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile njengoba umbhalo wayo olusemthethweni sembhalo we iBhayibheli.Ngenkathi amaMormon ekholelwa ekunembeni okuvamile kombhalo wosuku lwanamuhla weBhayibheli, nawo akholelwa ukuthi awaphelele nokuthi amaphutha angenisiwe. [20] [21] [22]Emfundisweni kaMormon, amaqiniso amaningi alahlekile abuyiselwa eNcwadini kaMormoni, amaMormon abamba ukuthi angumbhalo waphezulu futhi alingana negunya leBhayibheli. [23]

Uhlu lwezincwadi zemibhalo yamaMormon lubandakanya neqoqo lezambulo nemibhalo equkethwe kwiMfundiso neziVumelwano equkethe imfundiso nesiprofetho neParele leGugu Elikhulu elikhuluma kafushane ngoGenesise kuya kuEksodusi.Lezi zincwadi, kanye neJoseph Smith Translation of the Bible, zinamazinga ahlukene okwamukelwa njengombhalo waphezulu phakathi kwamahlelo ehlukene wenhlangano yeLatter Day Saint.

Isambulo

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KuMormonism, isambulo esiqhubekayo yisimiso sokuthi uNkulunkulu noma amanxusa akhe aphezulu aqhubeke nokuxhumana nesintu.Lokhu kuxhumana kungabonakala ngezindlela eziningi: amathonya kaMoya oNgcwele (ifomu eliyinhloko lapho lesi simiso sibonakala khona), imibono, ukuvakashelwa kwezidalwa zaphezulu, nabanye.UJoseph Smith wasebenzisa isibonelo sezambulo zeNkosi kuMose kuDuteronomi ukuchaza ukubaluleka kwesambulo esiqhubekayo:

AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi uSmith kanye nabaholi besonto abalandelayo bangakhuluma umbhalo "lapho beqhutshwa nguMoya oNgcwele."Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaMormon amaningi akholelwa ukuthi abaprofethi basendulo kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba bathola izambulo ezaholela kweminye imibhalo elahlekile futhi okungenzeka, ngelinye ilanga, ibe khona.KuMormonism, isambulo asigcini kumalungu esonto.Isibonelo, ama-Latter Day Saints akholelwa ukuthi uMthethosisekelo wase-United States ngumbhalo ophefumulelwe ngokwaphezulu.

AmaMormon ayakhuthazwa ukuba akhe ubuhlobo bomuntu noMoya oNgcwele futhi athole isambulo somuntu siqu ngokuqondiswa kwabo kanye nokwomndeni wabo.Umqondo wesambulo se-Latter Day Saint wembandakanya inkolelo yokuthi isambulo esivela kuNkulunkulu siyatholakala kubo bonke abasifuna ngobuqotho ngenhloso yokwenza okuhle. Iphinde lifundisa ukuthi wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuthola isambulo siqu mayelana yakhe nobuphathi (ubuholi umthwalo).Ngakho-ke, abazali bangathola ugqozi oluvela kuNkulunkulu ekukhuliseni imindeni yabo, abantu ngabanye bangathola ugqozi olungcwele lokubasiza bahlangabezane nezinselelo zabo, abaphathi bebandla bangathola isambulo kulabo ababasebenzelayo.

Umphumela obalulekile walokhu ukuthi umuntu ngamunye angathola isiqinisekiso sokuthi izimfundiso ezithile ezifundiswe ngumprofethi ziyiqiniso, futhi athole nokuqonda okungcwele ekusebenziseni lawo maqiniso ukuze kuzuze bona kanye nenqubekela phambili yaphakade.Esontweni, ukwambulelwa komuntu kulindelwe futhi kukhuthazwe, futhi abaningi abaguqukayo bakholelwa ukuthi isambulo sabo esivela kuNkulunkulu saba neqhaza ekuguqukeni kwabo.

Ubudlelwano nezinye izinkolo

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Ukuhlobana nobuKrestu obujwayelekile

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AmaMormon abheka uJesu Kristu njengomuntu oyinhloko yenkolo yawo.

Mormonism categorizes uqobo ngaphakathi kobuKristu, futhi cishe zonke amaMormon self-ukukhomba njenge Christian. [24]Kwabanye abantu ichaze ubuKristu phakathi izimfundiso ubuKatolika, Eastern futhi Oriental-Orthodox, le Amasonto aseMpumalanga, futhi EsengamaProthestani, umehluko Mormonism sika ngiyibeke ngaphandle isambulela kobuKristu. [25]

AmaMormon akholelwa kuJesu Kristu njengeNdodana kaNkulunkulu noMesiya, ukubethelwa kwakhe njengesiphetho somnikelo wesono, kanye nokuvuka okulandelayo.Kodwa-ke, ama-Latter-day Saints (LDS) ayazenqaba izivumo zokholo zamasonto kanye nencazelo kaZiqu -zintathu. [26] (Ngokuphambene nalokho, ihlelo lesibili ngobukhulu beLatter Day Saint, uMphakathi kaKristu, ungoweZiqu-zintathu futhi ukholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye. ) AmaMormon anombono wokuthi iTestamente Elisha laprofetha kokubili ukuhlubuka ezimfundisweni zikaKristu nabaphostoli bakhe kanye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto zonke ngaphambi kokubuya kwesibili kukaKristu. [27]

Ukungezwani okuthile okuphawuleka ngobuKrestu obujwayelekile kufaka phakathi: Inkolelo yokuthi uJesu waqala ukubuyisana kwakhe ensimini yaseGetsemane futhi wakuqhubekisela ekubethelweni kwakhe, kunenkolelo evamile yokuthi ukubethelwa kukodwa kwakuwukuhlawulelwa komzimba; [28] kanye nokuphila kwangemva kokufa okunamadigri amathathu enkazimulo, isihogo (esivame ukubizwa ngejele lomoya ) siyinqolobane yesikhashana yababi phakathi kokufa nokuvuka.Ngokwengeziwe, amaMormon awakholelwa endalweni ex nihilo, akholelwa ukuthi into ingunaphakade, futhi indalo yayihilela uNkulunkulu ukuhlela udaba olukhona.

Iningi lesimiso senkolelo yamaMormon siqondiswe ngokwendawo ezungeze amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika.AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi abantu beNcwadi kaMormoni babehlala enkabazwe esentshonalanga, ukuthi uKristu wavela enkabazwe esentshonalanga ngemuva kokufa nokuvuka kwakhe, ukuthi ukholo lweqiniso lwabuyiselwa e- Upstate New York nguJoseph Smith, ukuthi iNsimu yase-Edene yayikhona eNyakatho Melika, nokuthi iJerusalema Elisha lizokwakhiwa eMissouri.Ngalesi sizathu nezinye, kufaka phakathi inkolelo yamaMormon amaningi e- American exceptionalism, uMolly Worthen ucabanga ukuthi yingakho uLeo Tolstoy echaze iMormonism "njengenkolo 'yaseMelika" engapheli. [29]

Ukuhlobana nobuJuda

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Yize amaMormon engasho ukuthi ayingxenye yobuJuda, imfundiso yenkolo yamaMormon ithi ibeka iMormonism ngaphakathi komongo wobuJuda kuze kube sezingeni elingaphezulu kwalokho okushiwo ngamanye amahlelo obuKrestu. Inkolo ifaka imibono eminingi yeTestamente Elidala emfundisweni yayo, futhi izinkolelo zamaMormon kwesinye isikhathi zifana nezobuJuda nezinto ezithile zesiko lamaJuda.Ezinsukwini zokuqala zamaMormonism, uJoseph Smith wafundisa ukuthi abomdabu baseMelika babengamalungu ezinye zezizwe ezilahlekile zakwa-Israyeli .Kamuva, wafundisa ukuthi amaMormon ayengama-Israyeli, nokuthi bangafunda ngokuhlangana kwabo kwesizwe phakathi kwezizwe eziyishumi nambili zakwa-Israyeli.Amalungu eSonto le-LDS athola izibusiso zePatriarchal ezimemezela uhlu lozalo lomamukeli kwesinye sezizwe sakwa-Israyeli.Uhlu lozalo lungolayini weqiniso noma ukutholwa.ISonto le-LDS lifundisa ukuthi uma umuntu engeyona inzalo eqondile yesinye sezizwe eziyishumi nambili, lapho ebhapathizwa wamukelwa kwesinye sezizwe.Izibusiso zezinzalamizi zifaka nemininingwane yomuntu uqobo eyembulwa ngosomandla ngamandla wobupristi.

Ukusondelana kwamaMormon kobuJuda kuboniswa ukubhekisela okuningi ebuJudeni enkolweni yamaMormon.Isibonelo, uSmith waqamba indawo yokuhlala enkulu kunazo zonke yamaMormon awasungula iNauvoo, okusho ukuthi "ukuba muhle" ngesiHeberu.UBrigham Young uqambe igama lomthamo weGreat Salt Lake " uMfula iJordani ".Isonto le-LDS lenze uhlelo lokubhala olubizwa nge- Deseret Alphabet, olwalusekelwe, ngokwengxenye, ngesiHeberu.Isonto le-LDS line- Jerusalem Center kwa-Israyeli, lapho abafundi begxila esifundweni sabo emlandweni wase-Near Eastern, emasikweni, olimini naseBhayibhelini.

Kube khona ukuphikisana okubandakanya amaqembu amaJuda abona isenzo sezinto ezithile zeMormonism njengezinyanyekayo.Ngama-1990s, amaqembu amaJuda aphikisana kakhulu nomkhuba we-LDS wokubhabhadisela abafileyo egameni lezisulu ezingamaJuda zokuQothulwa Kwesizwe kanye namaJuda jikelele.Ngokusho LDS Isonto igunya jikelele Monte J. Brough, "amaMormon labo ababebhapathizwa 380.000 ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe izisulu kwakhe abangu eshukunyiswa uthando nesihe futhi abazange baqonde isenzo sabo kungase kubacasule amaJuda ... bona babengazi ukuthi lokho okuhloswe njengendlela 'isenzo Christian yomsebenzi '' ubulahlekile futhi ungazweli '".AmaMormon akholelwa ukuthi lapho abafileyo bebhapathizwa ngommeleli, banenketho yokwamukela noma ukwenqaba lo mthetho.

Ukuhlukana ngokwenkolo

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Imfundiso yenkolo kaMormon ifaka phakathi ukunyakaza okuyinhloko okuthathu. Okukhulu kunakho konke lokhu yi "Mormonism ejwayelekile", echazwe ubuholi beThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).Ukunyakaza okubili okubanzi ngaphandle kwamaMormonism ajwayelekile yi- Mormon basicism, kanye ne-liberal reformist Mormonism.

ISonto LDS lifuna ukuziqhelelanisa namanye amagatsha amaMormonism, ikakhulukazi lawo enza isithembu.Isonto ligcina izinga elithile le-orthodoxy ngokususa noma ukujezisa amalungu alo athatha izikhundla noma enza imikhuba ebhekwa njengokuhlubuka.Isibonelo, iSonto le-LDS lixosha amalungu enza isithembu noma amukela izinkolelo nemikhuba ye-Mormon basicism.

Ubufandamentali bukaMormon

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Enye indlela iMormonism ehlukanisa ngayo izinto neMormonism ejwayelekile ngomkhuba wokushada ngobuningi .Ama-Fundamentalists aqale aqhamuka eSontweni LDS ngemuva kokuthi leyo mfundiso inqanyulwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.Isisekelo samaMormon sifundisa ukuthi ukushada ngobuningi kuyisidingo sokuphakanyiswa (okuyizinga eliphakeme kakhulu lensindiso), okuzobenza baphile njengonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi empilweni yangemva kokufa.Ama-Mormon ajwayelekile, ngokwahlukana, akholelwa ukuthi umshado owodwa waseCelestial uyadingeka ukuze uphakanyiswe.

Ngokuhlukile neSonto le-LDS, ama-Mormon fundamentalists nawo avame ukukholelwa kwezinye izimfundiso eziningi ezifundiswe futhi zenziwa nguBrigham Young ngekhulu le-19, lelo iSonto le-LDS elizishiyile, lazenqaba, noma lazibeka enkingeni.Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

  • umthetho wokungcweliswa owaziwa nangokuthi i- United Order (yafakwa yi-LDS Church ngekhulu le-19);
  • izimfundiso zika- Adam – uNkulunkulu ezifundiswa nguBrigham Young nabanye abaholi bokuqala be-LDS Church (enqatshelwe yiSonto LDS maphakathi nekhulu lama-20);
  • umgomo wokuhlawulelwa kwegazi (owenqatshwa yiSonto LDS phakathi nekhulu lama-20); futhi
  • ukukhishwa kwamadoda amnyama ebupristini (abashiywa yiSonto LDS ngo-1978).

Abalandeli be-Mormon bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zimiso zashiywa ngokungafanele noma zashintshwa yiSonto LDS, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesifiso sobuholi bayo namalungu ukuba bahlanganyele emphakathini omkhulu waseMelika futhi bagweme ukushushiswa nokuxabana okwakubonakala esontweni eminyakeni yayo yokuqala.Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi bekuyisidingo ngesinye isikhathi ukuthi "ukubuyiselwa kwezinto zonke" kube yiSonto elibuyiselwe ngokweqiniso.

Ukugxekwa

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Njengehlelo elikhulu kunawo wonke ngaphakathi kweMormonism, iSonto LDS liye laba yinto yokugxekwa kusukela yasungulwa nguJoseph Smith ku-1830.

Mhlawumbe okuyimpikiswano enkulu, futhi okuyiyona nto ebambe iqhaza ekubulaweni kukaSmith, isimangalo sokuthi umshado weningi (njengoba abavikeli bawubiza kanjalo) noma isithembu (njengoba abagxeki besibiza kanjalo) sigunyazwe ngokweBhayibheli. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu - i- Utah yayingeke yamukelwe njengombuso uma kwenziwa isithembu - isonto ngokusemthethweni lawalahla lo mkhuba ngo-1890.Isimo sika-Utah salandela ngokushesha.Kodwa-ke, umshado weningi uhlala uyimpikiswano futhi uhlukanisa, njengoba naphezu kokulahlwa okusemthethweni kwe-1890, kusenabazwelayo, abavikeli, kanye nabasebenza ngasese ngaphakathi kweMormonism, yize bengekho eSontweni LDS.

Ukugxekwa kwakamuva kugxile emibuzweni yokubuyekezwa komlando, ukuzonda abathandana nobulili obufanayo, ukucwasa ngokobuhlanga, izinqubomgomo zobulili, ukudalulwa kwemali okunganele, kanye nobuqiniso obungokomlando beNcwadi kaMormoni .

Izinkomba

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Citations

  1. ↑ A Religious History of the American People. https://doi.org/10.2307/2936335. 
  2. ↑ Smith's 1838 written account of this vision was later canonized in a book called The Pearl of Great Price. (See: Joseph Smith–History 1:19)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1992, pp. 548-552, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140 
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Davies 2003
  5. ↑ "Mormonism". Mormonism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.75. ISBN 9780199340378. 
  6. ↑ Dahl, Paul E. (1992), Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, pp. 552-553, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140 
  7. ↑ Carter, K. Codell (1992), Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, pp. 553-555, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140 
  8. ↑ Brown, Gayle O. (1992), Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, pp. 1123-1125, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140 
  9. ↑ Paulsen, David L. (1992), Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, ISBN 0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140 
  10. ↑ Missionary Department of the LDS Church (2004), Preach My Gospel, LDS Church, Inc, ISBN 0402366174  Mormons believe the Great Apostasy had been foretold by Paul, who knew that the Lord would not come again "except there come a falling away first" (see 2 Thessalonians 2:3)
  11. ↑ Talmage, James E. (1909), The Great Apostasy, The Deseret News, pp. 64–65, ISBN 0875798438 
  12. ↑ Richards, LeGrand (1976), A Marvelous Work and a Wonder, Deseret Book Company, ISBN 0877471614 
  13. ↑ Talmage, James E. (1909), The Great Apostasy, The Deseret News, ISBN 0875798438 
  14. ↑ Eyring, Henry B., The True and Living Church, LDS Church, pp. 20–24 
  15. ↑ See JSH 1:69,72 and Doctrine and Covenants 84:19-21
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Barlow, Philip L. (June 1, 2012). "Chosen Land, Chosen People: Religious and American Exceptionalism Among the Mormons". The Review of Faith & International Affairs 10 (2): 51–58. doi:10.1080/15570274.2012.682511. ISSN 1557-0274. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15570274.2012.682511. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Empty citation (help)
  18. ↑ An ordinance is generally a physical act signifying a spiritual commitment or a covenant. Failure to honor that commitment results in the ordinance having no effect. However, sincere repentance can restore the blessings associated with the ordinance.
  19. ↑ ""Ordinances," True to the Faith, (LDS Church, 2004) p. 109.
  20. ↑ Encyclopedia of Mormonism, Macmillan 1992, pp. 106-107
  21. ↑ Matthews, Robert J., A Bible! A Bible, Bookcraft, 1990, p. 13
  22. ↑ Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, Deseret Book, 1976, pp. 9–10, 327 
  23. ↑ Encyclopedia of Mormonism, Macmillan 1992, pp. 111
  24. ↑ Robinson, Stephanie (May 1998), "Are Mormons Christians?", New Era, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/1998/05/are-mormons-christians?lang=eng 
  25. ↑ For example, a 2007 poll conducted by the Pew Research Center found that one in three Americans surveyed do not consider Mormons to be Christian. See for example ReligionNewsblog.com
  26. ↑ Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith 
  27. ↑ See, for instance, Thessalonians 2:2-3 and Acts 3:19-21
  28. ↑ McConkie, Bruce R. (May 1985), "The Purifying Power of Gethsemane", Ensign: 9, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1985/05/the-purifying-power-of-gethsemane?lang=eng 
  29. ↑ Worthen, Molly, "The Missionary Position Archived 2014-11-03 at the Wayback Machine.", Foreign Policy, June 13, 2011.
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