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Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika

Mayelana Wikipedia

uMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika (ngesiNgisi: President of South Africa, ngesiBhunu: President von Suid-Afrika, ngesiTswana: Mopuresitente wa Afrika-Borwa) uyinhloko yombuso nesiphathamandla sikazwelonke saseNingizimu Afrika. Amandla akhe nedlela akhethwa ngayo alotshwe emthethweni-sisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika. Phezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwezikhathi, iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika inikeze isikhundla sikaMongameli amanye amandla.

Inhloko yezwe bekuyiNkosi noma iNdlokukazi yoMbuso Ohlangeneyo esikhathini seNyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika kusukela u-1910 kufikela ku-1961. LeNkosi yayimelwe nguMlawuli Jikelele owaqokwa nguyena uqobo ngesiluleko sikaNdunankulu waseNingizimu Afrika. Iqembu lamaBhunu, ngesiNgisi i-National Party, ekuyilona elaphatha eNingizimu Afrika kusukela u-1948 kufikela u-1994, lithathe isingqumo ngo-1961 ukuchitha ubukhosi baseNgilandi, ukuze baguqule iNingizimu Afrika iphenduke umbuso ongenayo inkosi. Isikhundla sikaMongameli sisuleka lapho. Lesosikhathi besaziwe ngegama elithi "Umongameli woMbuso" (ngesiNgisi: State President).

Umongameli wayengenamandla wokuphatha. Impela, amandla okuphatha bewasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. Ngenxa kaP.W. Botha, izikhundla zikaMongameli woMbuso noNdunankulu zihlanganisiwe. Ekuphethweni kwesikathi sobandlululo ngo-1994, uMongameli wokuqala okhethwe ngetandoyeningi futhi okuqala ongasingumlungu, wayenguMnomzane Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. Kusukela yena, uMongameli wayeqhamuka Enhlanganweni Khongolose. Umongameli wesikhathini samanje nguMnomzane Cyril Matamela Ramaphosa owakhethwa Isishayamthetho sikaZwelonke ngo-2019 nango-2024. uLandele uMnomzane Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma.

Amandla nezigunyo

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iSakhiwo seNyunyana, ePitoli, lapho uMongameli ebusa khona

Umongameli unamandla okwemukela imithethosivivinywa, ukuwadlulisele eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ukuze ikhiphe isinqumo sokuhambisana noMthethosisekelo noma ukuwabuyisela ePhalamendeni, ukuthi iwaguqule. Ngaphandle kwesiginesha nephawu zikaMongameli, imithethosivivinywa ngeke ibengumthetho wesizwe; nguyena umyango imithetho kufanele indlule khona. Unamandla wokubiza umhlangano wePhalamende nomayiphi izindlu zayo ngenxa yendaba ethize.

Umongameli uqoka abantu ezikhundleni ezisemthethweni, njengokuqoka abaNgqongqoshe bemiNyango yegatsha lokuphatha (ngesiNgisi: Ministers of Departments). Futhi, nguyena oyisihlalo sezinhlangano zoMkhandlu wokuPhatha kaZwelonke (noma ngobufushane, iKhabhinethi). Umongameli uqoka nabehluleli bezinkantolo ezingaphezulu esizweni njenge Nkantolo yoMthethosisekelo neNkantolo ePhakeme yokuDlulisa amaCala. Umongameli uqoka amanxusa amele iNingizimu Afrika, futhi wamkela amanxusa wezinye izizwe.

Ngalokho, nguyena okuqala omele iNingizimu Afrika ezindabeni zobudlelwane nezinye izizwe. Kusho ukuthi unamandla okuphawula nokusayina imivumelano ngaphakathi kweNingizimu Afrika nezinye ezizwe. Kodwa, udinga imvumo yePhalamende ukuzi leyomivumelano ingene ezincwadini zomthetho zaseNingizimu Afrika.

Unamandla okubiza ihlololuvo kazwelonke ukuthi izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika zinikeze umbono wazo endabeni ethize. Umongameli unamandla okuklomisela bantu abasebenzele isizwe ngezindondo zobuhlonipheki. Ukunciphisa ubunzima bobulungisa, unamandla okuxolela noma ukusindisa abagwetshelwe amacala.

Ukhetho nokuqokwa

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Izindlu zePhalamende, eKapa, isihlalo sesiGungi sikaZwelonke esikhetha uMongameli

Umongameli akakhethwa izakhamuzi nqo; izakhamuze zikhetha iziqembu ezizobamela ePhalamendeni, lapho khona isiGunga sikaZwelonke (esaziwa futhi isiShayamtheto sikaZwelonke) sikhetha omunye wezilunga zaso esikhundleni sikaMongameli. Isikhathi sokuhlala sikaMongameli sihamba kanye kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala sePhalemende: iminyaka eyinhlanu.

Uhlu lezinhloko zombuso

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uhlu lwezinhloko zombuso
# Isithombe Isibizo sesikhundla Igama nesibongo Kusukela Kufika Iqembu Umbono
1 iNkosi iNkosi George V 31 uNhlaba 1910 20 uMasingana 1936 uMuzi kaSaxe-Coburg noGotha (ngesiJalimani: Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha; owaguqulwa kuWindsor) Wayemelwe nguMlawuli Jikele, futhi amandla wokuphathe wasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. ubukhosi bewundluliselwa ngemithetho yamaNgisi.
2 iNkosi Edward VIII 20 uMasingana 1936 11 uZibandlela 1936

(uyekelile)

3 iNkosi George VI 11 uZibandlela 1936 6 uNhlolanja 1952
4 iNdlovukazi iNdlokukazi Elizabeth II 6 uNhlolanja 1952 31 May 1961
5 uMongameli woMbuso uMnm. Charles Robberts Swart 31 May 1961 1 uNhlangulana 1967

(uyekelile)

i-National Party (iQembu lamaBhunu) Amandla wokuphatha bewasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. Wayehlala esikhundleni iminyaka eyisikhombisa, akhethwe iPhalamende. Wayekhethwa futhi emela abelungu wodwa.
6 uMnm. Theophilus Ebenhaezer Dönges Ngenxa yokugula akathathanga isikhundla ngokomthetho
7 uMnm. François Naudé 1 uNhlangulana 1967 10 uMbasa 1968
8 uMnm. Jacobus Johannes Fouché 10 uMbasa 1968 9 uMbasa 1975
9 uMnm. Johannes de Klerk 9 uMbasa 1975 19 uMbasa 1975
10 uMnm. Nicolaas Johannes Diederichs 19 uMbasa 1975 21 uNcwaba 1978

(ushonile)

11 uMnm. Marais Viljoen 21 uNcwaba 1978 10 uMfumfu 1978
12 uMnm. Balthazar Johannes Vorster 10 uMfumfu 1978 4 uNhlangulana 1979

(uyekelile)

13 uMnm. Marais Viljoen 4 uNhlangulana 1979 19 uNhlangulana 1979
19 uNhlangulana 1979 3 uMandulo 1984
14 uMnm. Pieter Willem Botha 3 uMandulo 1984 14 uMandulo 1984 unikezwe amandla wonke weNdunankulu. Isikhundla seNdunankulu sachithwa ngo-1983. Wayehlala esikhundleni iminyaka eyisikhombisa, akhethwe iPhalamende. Wayekhethwa futhi emela abelungu wodwa.
14 uMandulo 1984 14 uNcwaba 1989

(uyekelile)

15 uMnm. Jan Christiaan Heunis 19 uMasingana 1989 15 uNdasa 1989
16 uMnm. Frederik Willem de Klerk 14 uNcwaba 1989 20 uMandulo 1989
20 uMandulo 1989 10 May 1994
17 uMongameli uMnm. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, uMadiba 10 May 1994 14 uNhlangulana 1999 i-African National Congress (umHlangano Khongolose) uKhethwe isiGunga sikaZwelonke iminyaka eyinhlanu emva kwokhetho lwentandoyeningu, lwezinhlanga zonke, abansundu nabamhlophe.
18 uMnm. Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki, uDhlamini 14 uNhlangulana 1999 24 uMandulo 2008

(uyekelile)

uMnm. Kgalema Motlanthe 25 uMandulo 2008 9 May 2009
19 uMnm. Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, uNxamalala 9 May 2009 14 uNhlolanja 2018

(uyekelile)

20 uMnm. Cyril Matamela Ramaphosa 15 uNhlolanja 2018 Incumbent