Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika
uMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika (ngesiNgisi: President of South Africa, ngesiBhunu: President von Suid-Afrika, ngesiTswana: Mopuresitente wa Afrika-Borwa) uyinhloko yombuso nesiphathamandla sikazwelonke saseNingizimu Afrika. Amandla akhe nedlela akhethwa ngayo alotshwe emthethweni-sisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika. Phezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwezikhathi, iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika inikeze isikhundla sikaMongameli amanye amandla.
Inhloko yezwe bekuyiNkosi noma iNdlokukazi yoMbuso Ohlangeneyo esikhathini seNyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika kusukela u-1910 kufikela ku-1961. LeNkosi yayimelwe nguMlawuli Jikelele owaqokwa nguyena uqobo ngesiluleko sikaNdunankulu waseNingizimu Afrika. Iqembu lamaBhunu, ngesiNgisi i-National Party, ekuyilona elaphatha eNingizimu Afrika kusukela u-1948 kufikela u-1994, lithathe isingqumo ngo-1961 ukuchitha ubukhosi baseNgilandi, ukuze baguqule iNingizimu Afrika iphenduke umbuso ongenayo inkosi. Isikhundla sikaMongameli sisuleka lapho. Lesosikhathi besaziwe ngegama elithi "Umongameli woMbuso" (ngesiNgisi: State President).
Umongameli wayengenamandla wokuphatha. Impela, amandla okuphatha bewasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. Ngenxa kaP.W. Botha, izikhundla zikaMongameli woMbuso noNdunankulu zihlanganisiwe. Ekuphethweni kwesikathi sobandlululo ngo-1994, uMongameli wokuqala okhethwe ngetandoyeningi futhi okuqala ongasingumlungu, wayenguMnomzane Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. Kusukela yena, uMongameli wayeqhamuka Enhlanganweni Khongolose. Umongameli wesikhathini samanje nguMnomzane Cyril Matamela Ramaphosa owakhethwa Isishayamthetho sikaZwelonke ngo-2019 nango-2024. uLandele uMnomzane Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma.
Amandla nezigunyo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Umongameli unamandla okwemukela imithethosivivinywa, ukuwadlulisele eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ukuze ikhiphe isinqumo sokuhambisana noMthethosisekelo noma ukuwabuyisela ePhalamendeni, ukuthi iwaguqule. Ngaphandle kwesiginesha nephawu zikaMongameli, imithethosivivinywa ngeke ibengumthetho wesizwe; nguyena umyango imithetho kufanele indlule khona. Unamandla wokubiza umhlangano wePhalamende nomayiphi izindlu zayo ngenxa yendaba ethize.
Umongameli uqoka abantu ezikhundleni ezisemthethweni, njengokuqoka abaNgqongqoshe bemiNyango yegatsha lokuphatha (ngesiNgisi: Ministers of Departments). Futhi, nguyena oyisihlalo sezinhlangano zoMkhandlu wokuPhatha kaZwelonke (noma ngobufushane, iKhabhinethi). Umongameli uqoka nabehluleli bezinkantolo ezingaphezulu esizweni njenge Nkantolo yoMthethosisekelo neNkantolo ePhakeme yokuDlulisa amaCala. Umongameli uqoka amanxusa amele iNingizimu Afrika, futhi wamkela amanxusa wezinye izizwe.
Ngalokho, nguyena okuqala omele iNingizimu Afrika ezindabeni zobudlelwane nezinye izizwe. Kusho ukuthi unamandla okuphawula nokusayina imivumelano ngaphakathi kweNingizimu Afrika nezinye ezizwe. Kodwa, udinga imvumo yePhalamende ukuzi leyomivumelano ingene ezincwadini zomthetho zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Unamandla okubiza ihlololuvo kazwelonke ukuthi izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika zinikeze umbono wazo endabeni ethize. Umongameli unamandla okuklomisela bantu abasebenzele isizwe ngezindondo zobuhlonipheki. Ukunciphisa ubunzima bobulungisa, unamandla okuxolela noma ukusindisa abagwetshelwe amacala.
Ukhetho nokuqokwa
[hlela | Hlela umthombo].jpg)
Umongameli akakhethwa izakhamuzi nqo; izakhamuze zikhetha iziqembu ezizobamela ePhalamendeni, lapho khona isiGunga sikaZwelonke (esaziwa futhi isiShayamtheto sikaZwelonke) sikhetha omunye wezilunga zaso esikhundleni sikaMongameli. Isikhathi sokuhlala sikaMongameli sihamba kanye kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala sePhalemende: iminyaka eyinhlanu.
Uhlu lezinhloko zombuso
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]| # | Isithombe | Isibizo sesikhundla | Igama nesibongo | Kusukela | Kufika | Iqembu | Umbono |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
.svg){kind=small} .svg){kind=small} iNkosi
|
iNkosi George V | 31 uNhlaba 1910 | 20 uMasingana 1936 | uMuzi kaSaxe-Coburg noGotha (ngesiJalimani: Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha; owaguqulwa kuWindsor) | Wayemelwe nguMlawuli Jikele, futhi amandla wokuphathe wasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. ubukhosi bewundluliselwa ngemithetho yamaNgisi. |
| 2 | .jpg)
|
iNkosi Edward VIII | 20 uMasingana 1936 | 11 uZibandlela 1936
(uyekelile) | |||
| 3 | 
|
iNkosi George VI | 11 uZibandlela 1936 | 6 uNhlolanja 1952 | |||
| 4 | 
|
iNdlovukazi
|
iNdlokukazi Elizabeth II | 6 uNhlolanja 1952 | 31 May 1961 | ||
| 5 | 
|
uMongameli woMbuso
|
uMnm. Charles Robberts Swart | 31 May 1961 | 1 uNhlangulana 1967
(uyekelile) |
i-National Party (iQembu lamaBhunu) | Amandla wokuphatha bewasezandleni zikaNdunankulu. Wayehlala esikhundleni iminyaka eyisikhombisa, akhethwe iPhalamende. Wayekhethwa futhi emela abelungu wodwa. |
| 6 | 
|
uMnm. Theophilus Ebenhaezer Dönges | Ngenxa yokugula akathathanga isikhundla ngokomthetho | ||||
| 7 | 
|
uMnm. François Naudé | 1 uNhlangulana 1967 | 10 uMbasa 1968 | |||
| 8 | 
|
uMnm. Jacobus Johannes Fouché | 10 uMbasa 1968 | 9 uMbasa 1975 | |||
| 9 | 
|
uMnm. Johannes de Klerk | 9 uMbasa 1975 | 19 uMbasa 1975 | |||
| 10 | 
|
uMnm. Nicolaas Johannes Diederichs | 19 uMbasa 1975 | 21 uNcwaba 1978
(ushonile) | |||
| 11 | 
|
uMnm. Marais Viljoen | 21 uNcwaba 1978 | 10 uMfumfu 1978 | |||
| 12 | 
|
uMnm. Balthazar Johannes Vorster | 10 uMfumfu 1978 | 4 uNhlangulana 1979
(uyekelile) | |||
| 13 |
|
uMnm. Marais Viljoen | 4 uNhlangulana 1979 | 19 uNhlangulana 1979 | |||
| 19 uNhlangulana 1979 | 3 uMandulo 1984 | ||||||
| 14 | 
|
uMnm. Pieter Willem Botha | 3 uMandulo 1984 | 14 uMandulo 1984 | unikezwe amandla wonke weNdunankulu. Isikhundla seNdunankulu sachithwa ngo-1983. Wayehlala esikhundleni iminyaka eyisikhombisa, akhethwe iPhalamende. Wayekhethwa futhi emela abelungu wodwa. | ||
| 14 uMandulo 1984 | 14 uNcwaba 1989
(uyekelile) | ||||||
| 15 | .svg){kind=small}
|
uMnm. Jan Christiaan Heunis | 19 uMasingana 1989 | 15 uNdasa 1989 | |||
| 16 | 
|
uMnm. Frederik Willem de Klerk | 14 uNcwaba 1989 | 20 uMandulo 1989 | |||
| 20 uMandulo 1989 | 10 May 1994 | ||||||
| 17 | 
|
 uMongameli
|
uMnm. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, uMadiba | 10 May 1994 | 14 uNhlangulana 1999 | i-African National Congress (umHlangano Khongolose) | uKhethwe isiGunga sikaZwelonke iminyaka eyinhlanu emva kwokhetho lwentandoyeningu, lwezinhlanga zonke, abansundu nabamhlophe. |
| 18 | .jpg)
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uMnm. Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki, uDhlamini | 14 uNhlangulana 1999 | 24 uMandulo 2008
(uyekelile) | |||
.jpg)
|
uMnm. Kgalema Motlanthe | 25 uMandulo 2008 | 9 May 2009 | ||||
| 19 | 
|
uMnm. Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, uNxamalala | 9 May 2009 | 14 uNhlolanja 2018
(uyekelile) | |||
| 20 | 
|
uMnm. Cyril Matamela Ramaphosa | 15 uNhlolanja 2018 | Incumbent | |||