Inkanyezi
INkanyezi into eyimbulunga enkulu ekhanyayo yonyazani, eyakhiwe ikakhulukazi ngeHwanzi kanti futhi evuthayo ebanjwe umNyondo wayo ukuze ihlale iyimbulunga. Inkanyezi ekuyiyona esondele kuMhlaba wethu ileyo esiyibiza ngeLanga. Into edala ukuthi ezinye izinkanyezi zibonakale zizincane kuneLanga kubangelwa ibanga elimaphakathi kwazo noMhlaba. Izinkanyezi ekuyizona ezigqame kakhulu kunezinye ilezo eziqoqelene ezakha iziShomo, noma ukunyonta, futhi iningi lezinkanyezi ezikhanya ukudlula ezinye ziqanjwe amagama azo. Ogqayinyanga sebehlanganise izijengamazwi zeimpawunani namagama ezinkanyezi abavumelana ngawo umhlaba jikelele. Kulokho amehlo ethu akwazi ukukubona kanye nolwazi oseluqoqwe izihlongamikhathi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi uMKhathilibe ungase ube nezinkanyezi ezilinganiselwe kwisi- kuya kwisi-. Izinkungwane ezine kuphela zalezinkanyezi ezibonakala ngeso lenyama —zonke ziyingxenye yomzilafasimbe.
Impilo yenkanyezi iqala ngokuwohloka ngokomyondo komqongo onohowo elakhiwe ngeHwanzi, iHwelanga kanye nenani elincane lezinye izinhlwa ezisindayo. Isisindo esiphelele senkanyezi isona esinquma ukuguquka nendlela ezofa ngayo. Empilweni yayo, inkanyezi iqhakaza ngenxa yengxubano yekhozanuzi leHwanzi liphenduka iHwelanga kemnyombeni wayo. Lo mdludlungu udedela isidlakalasi esizula ngaphakathi kwayo kuze kube ilapho sifinyelela ebusweni bayo, nokuyilapho siyonzelwa emKhathini. Ezinsukwini zayo zokugcina, ingxubano iyapheza futhi umnyombo wayo uphenduka insalelankanyezi: isiThomiyana esimhlophe, inkanyezi entunge, noma lapho inesisindo ngokwanele, iba isiGwinqa.
Indidiyelanuzi eyenzeka ezinkanyezini noma kwizinsalela zazo ivame ukudala zonke izinhlwa zevange ezisinda ukwedlula umThanya. Ukulahlekelwa yisisindo kwenkanyezi noma ukuqhuma kwesidungazelakazi kuame ukubuyisela izithako ezinothe ngevange enqekeni yomkhathi. Lezi zinhlwa ziphinde zisetshenziselwe ukwakha izinkanyezi ezitsha. Ogqayinyanga bayakwazi ukunquma izakhi zenkanyezi —kuhlanganisa nesisindo, iminyaka, ubunkimbi (isigubo sevanga) ukuhwexuza, ibanga, nomdiki wayo emkhathini —ngokuthi bahlole inkazimulo ebonakalayo yazo, ukukhanya kwazo, nezinguquko zezikhundla ekuzo emkhathini emva kwesikhathi.
Izinkanyezi ziyakwazi ukwakha uzengezonhlelo nezinye zezinto ezisemkhathini, njengoba sibona kuzungezonhlelo lemizulane nezinhlelo zezinkanyezi ezinezinkanyezi ezimbili noma ezintathu. Lapho khona izinkanyezi ezimbili zozungezonhlelo zizungezana ngokusondelene, ukwenanana komNyondo yazo bukhinyabeza inguquko yazo. Izinkanyezi zivame ukuba ingxenye yezinhlaka ezinkulu zezinkanyezi ezibanjwe ndawonye umNyondo. Lezi zinhlaka zbizwa ngokuthi izixheke zezinkanyezi nemithalakazi.
uMsukagama
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Elithi inkanyezi liyibizongxube elihlanganisa izakhi zamagama ngalendlela in- + khanya (“shine”) + unyezi (“moonlight”). Ingxenye yesibili ilahlekelwe isiqalo sayo ingakho isele ngesiqu esithi -ezi. Leli igama lesiZulu lendikimba esemkhathini ekhanyayo. Elinye igama lenkanyezi elimqondfana yilelo elithi imbhasa.
Izinhlobo Zezinkanyezi
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]isiHlalukanyezi ("protostar")
inKanyezi eLundwa ("blue star")
isiThomiyana esiPhuzi ("yellow dwarf star")
isiThomiyana esinTshungwa ("orange dwarf star")
isiThomiyana esiBomvu ("red dwarf star")
isiThomiyana esiMhlophe ("white dwarf star")
isiThomiyana esiMnyama ("black dwarf star")
isiThomiyana esiNgamunwe ("brown dwarf star")
uQhakamela oLundwa ("blue giant star")
uQhakamela oBomvu ("red giant star")
uQhakamelakazi oLundwa ("blue supergiant star")
inKanyezi enTunge ("neutron star")
isiGwinqa ("black hole")
uNyazima ("pulsar")
isiPhinqi ("quasar")
iNjumbane ("blazer")
umHonyezi ("magnetar")
umQongo ("nebula")
IsiDangazelekazi ("Supernovae")
IsiDangazela ("Planetary nebulae")
Amagama Ezinkanyezi Eziqhakazayo Ebusuku
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
iLanga ("Sun")
iNdonsa/iNdonsamasuku ("Sirius")
iNkwenkwezi/iSandulela ("Canopus")
inKonjane ("Alpha Centauri")
uLwezibe ("Arcturus")
uPhalane ("Vega")
iNqonqoli ("Capella")
IPhisi ("Rigel")
inTulwa ("Procyon")
umKhwilili ("Archernar")
Undwendweni ("Betelgeuse")
inKwenjane ("Hadar")
inKwazi ("Altair")
Inkanyazimu ("Acrux")
uCwazibe ("Aldebaran")
uMongo ("Antares")
iNthola/isiQhubankomo ("Spica")
isiDumukazi ("Pollux")
iSengco ("Fomalhaut")
uHlokotho ("Deneb")
Intshona ("Mimosa")
isiCimamlilo ("Regulus")
uZukhwithi ("Adhara")
uSilamamba ("Shaula")
iMpofukazi ("Castor")
Undonyazulu ("Gacrux")
Isikhunundu ("Bellatrix")
uCwazi ("Elnath")
inKwebane ("Miaplacidus")
Ududuma/Khulukuthu ("Alnilam")
uNomdede ("Regor")
uQongqotho ("Alnair")
umveshe ("Alnitak")
iQwaha ("Mirfak")
uZemani ("Wezen")
umVimba ("Sargas")
uKhazamula ("Kaus Australis")
umLilwane ("Avior")
inGongoni ("Menkalinan")
uNoginganhlola ("Atria")
iMpofana ("Alhena")
iNhlengane ("Peacock")
uNomhhoyi ("Alsephina")
iNqongolozi ("Mirzam")
iHlosi ("Alphard")
inQama ("Hamal")
iNhlansi ("Algieba")
inKondlwane ("Diphda")
uKhazazela ("Nunki")
uKhozi ("Menkent")
umLozikazana ("Mirach")
umNono ("Alpharatz")
uKheswani ("Rasalhague")
Ingqibi ("Saiph")
usOkhisa ("Denebola")
iDube ("Algol")
uQongqodo ("Tiaki")
isiHuhwa ("Muhlifain")
inKwengezi ("Aspidiske")
Nomphukulwana ("Suhail")
inCwali ("Alphecca")
Untondo/Khulukuthu ("Mintaka")
isiHlakothi ("Sadr")
isiThwalanyezi ("Naos")
umLozi ("Almach")
uDlolo ("Izar")
iDlanga ("Alpha Lupi"")
iNyandezulu ("Dschubba")
uSbindimamba ("Larawag")
uThekwane ("Ankaa/Alpha Phoenicis")
inGqedamabele ("Girtab")
uLethi ("Enif")
umNguni ("Scheat")
uMabibini ("Sabik")
uZulucwathile ("Aludra")
uNomzimane ("Markeb/Kappa Velorum")
umNdawe ("Markab")
isiKhohlothi ("Aljanah")
iCiwu ("Acrab")